[Chinese and foreign toy Network April 24 hearing recent years, remote-controlled aircraft in the sudden emergence of the domestic toy market is highly touted, many toy factories have set foot in the home market, the market is fiercely competitive. For consumers and manufacturers, do they really understand the remote control aircraft? What is the classification and working principle? Today's Chinese and foreign toy nets and toys encyclopedia, we explain the remote control aircraft & RC helicopter for you.
(1) Remote control aircraft
According to Baidu Encyclopedia's explanation, the remote control aircraft can control the flying aircraft from a distance. Depending on the purpose and performance of the difference. Remote control aircraft can be divided into toys, aircraft models, civilian, military and other categories.
The remote control aircraft can be divided into large, medium and small according to the size.
1. Large-scale remote control aircraft Suitable for outdoor play, it is necessary for parent-child interaction and outings. There are also mainframes with professional remote control model classes.
2. Medium-sized remote control aircraft can be played in a slightly more spacious room or outside. More versatile, the price is also moderate.
3. Small remote control aircraft Suitable for indoor play, strong anti-collision and anti-drop. At home, the office is a great pleasure.
Wikipedia defines " remote-controlled aircraft " in this way: a remote-controlled aircraft is a model aircraft controlled by a remote control, not a toy (obviously today's remote-controlled aircraft has obvious toyization). The control method is usually radio waves, and some remote control systems use infrared rays, but they are extremely rare. The power of the remote control aircraft is motor or small engine. There is also a powerless remote glider.
The principle of RC airplane flight is exactly the same as that of a real airplane, so handling is very difficult. The simple remote-controlled aircraft sold in the market can only control the motors on both sides of the main wing to adjust the direction, and the operation is relatively simple. But the remote-controlled aircraft used by truly professional enthusiasts are complex in every way, controlling elevators, rudders, ailerons, motors or engines. It usually takes a while for beginners to become familiar with how to handle, assemble and repair remotely piloted aircraft and how to use the equipment.
Parts
Commonly used materials for the body of the remote control aircraft are Basha wood, plastic, EPP, Polylon, carbon fiber, fiberglass and composite materials. The body is classified as follows:
Exercise machine: The exercise machine is a low-priced aircraft suitable for beginners.
Special Machine: It is used for competitions and has various international competitions.
Racing machine
Like a real machine: a scaled-down remote control aircraft.
Power component
The motors used in motor remote control aircraft are both brushless motors and carbon brush motors. Carbon brush motors are cheap, but have poor horsepower, efficiency and longevity. Brushless motors have better horsepower, efficiency and longevity than carbon brush motors, but at a much higher price than carbon brushes. The electronic transmission used in the brushless motor and the carbon brush motor is different.
The model is driven by a DC motor using a brushless motor, and a dedicated motor controller (ESC Electric Speed ​​Controler) must be used to rotate the brushless motor. And the DC brushless motor for the aircraft, because of the extremely low initial load, it is very suitable to use the sensorless DC brushless motor (Brushless BLDC Motor), because it does not need the sensor to detect the rotor position, the motor structure is simple, the unit price is cheap, since 2006 Since the beginning of the year, carbon brush motors have almost withdrawn from the remote-controlled aircraft market.
Electronic transmission
The electronic transmission is a device that is controlled by the receiver to adjust the speed of the motor. Electronic transmissions have different current specifications. Carbon brush motors are different from electronic transmissions used in brushless motors.
The principle of the electronic transmission used in the brushless motor is to adjust the motor speed by adjusting the DC power supplied by the battery through the pulse width modulation method (PWM mode). It is generally graded according to the maximum current that its electronic components (MOSFETs) can withstand.
engine
Engine powered remote control aircraft use engines can be roughly divided into:
1. Wood precision engine: single cylinder, the main fuel is wood essence (methanol).
2. Gasoline engine: single-cylinder and multi-cylinder, divided into two strokes and four strokes. In addition to the manufacturer's special production, you can also use the lawn mower engine.
3. Turbine jet engine: manufactured by the principle of turbojet engine, high unit price, and special requirements for heat dissipation requirements and engine monitoring. Such engines have accidents caused by forest or building fire after crash, but for imitating modern fighters. The resulting reality is quite high.
propeller
The propellers used in remote-controlled aircraft are commonly made of plastic, wood, and carbon fiber. There are many different specifications as the motor or engine is paired with the remote control aircraft.
control element
remote control
Commonly known as launch, for different stages of remote control aircraft, you also need to choose a different remote control. Basically four actions: throttle, rudder, elevator, aileron. If you want to add extra movements to the aircraft, such as landing gear, flaps, etc., use more remote controls. For engine-powered remote-controlled aircraft, there is also a flameout switch on the remote control to prevent the engine from stalling after landing or during an emergency to avoid injury.
At present, the mid-to-high-end remote control has various functions, including fine-tuning memory, motion size, and gyroscope control, all of which can be operated by a remote controller.
Receiver
The receiver is a device that receives the remote control signal and is about the size of a matchbox. After receiving the signal transmitted by the remote controller, the receiver is processed to control the motion of the aircraft. The receiver needs to cooperate with the remote control. If the remote control is six-moving and the receiver is moving, the remaining two movements of the remote control have no function.
Servo machine
The servo is a device that is controlled by the receiver to adjust the rudder surfaces of the elevator, rudder, and aileron. There are various specifications depending on the size of the aircraft. The purpose of the servo is not only to control the rudder surface, but also for any dynamic requirements (landing gear, etc.) of the remote control model, the servo can be used as the source of action.
Power supply
Wood essence
Wood essence, industrial alcohol, must be mixed with castor oil or synthetic lubricant in an appropriate proportion for lubrication, and added nitromethane (5%~30%) to assist combustion and increase power.
gasoline
Taiwan uses 92 unleaded gasoline as the mainstay. In the second stroke, the two-stroke engine oil must be added in a certain proportion before the fuel is added to the fuel tank. The four-stroke depends on the engine design to determine the way the lubricant is added.
Jet engine oil
The jet engine uses jet engine aircraft oil and is manufactured by a specialist manufacturer.
battery
The rechargeable batteries commonly used in remote control aircraft are nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries. The stored energy per unit weight is the lowest for nickel-cadmium batteries, followed by nickel-hydrogen batteries, while lithium batteries have the highest energy storage capacity.
Nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery packs used in early remote-controlled aircraft all have heavy weight and low capacity, especially nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery cores with a rated voltage of 1.2V, which meets the basic requirements of remote-controlled aircraft voltage (7.2V). ~9.6V), 6~8 pieces need to be used in series. This battery pack is a big problem for the electric motor remote control aircraft that must be compared with the weight.
Later, remote control aircraft manufacturers introduced battery packs using traditional lithium battery cells. The traditional lithium battery cells have a rated voltage of 3.7V. To meet the basic requirements of remote control aircraft, only 2~3 battery cells are connected in series, and the overall battery weight is Compared with traditional nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium, it has been reduced a lot. However, lithium batteries have certain requirements for charging methods. If the requirements cannot be met, the battery has the doubt that the battery has thermal expansion and explosion. Therefore, lithium batteries are often used in the early stage. The relevant accident news came out.
Due to poor safety (charging method), the traditional lithium-ion battery is currently the latest generation of lithium polymer battery, and its characteristics are similar to those of lithium-ion batteries. However, because of the soft packaging method, the weight is much lighter than that of lithium-ion batteries. If the charging method is improper, the lithium polymer will only swell and heat up (but if the charging voltage is too high, there is also possibility of burning), but because of the soft packaging, it will not explode and the safety will be improved.
Early lithium polymerization has the problem of insufficient discharge capacity, but there are currently high-capacity lithium polymer batteries produced specifically for remote control models. Lithium polymer battery chargers have grown by leaps and bounds in recent years, and prices have become lower and lower, making battery-powered remote-controlled aircraft gradually replace the tendency to use engine power.
Remote frequency
The basic format of the remote control frequency is XX.XXX, and the unit is Mhz (million Hz). Countries have control over the available frequencies. In Taiwan, it is 72Mhz. If the frequency is not used, there is a doubt about the law.
In actual use, in the range of 72.010~72.990 MHz, 50 channels are cut at intervals of 20 KHz, and each channel has a dedicated quartz oscillator and number. 72.010 MHz is frequency 01, 72.030 MHZ is frequency 02, and so on, until 72.990 MHz is frequency 60. The frequency of the remote control and receiver must be the same, otherwise there will be no control between the two.
In addition, there are currently two major remote control manufacturers on the market: FUTABA and JR, which are not universal. For example, FUTABA's remote control and J's receiver, even if the frequency is the same, but because the codec is different, so if it is not specifically By-product receivers designed for compatibility cannot be paired with each other.
In addition, the emerging 2.4G broadband remote control is in the ascendant. Using this 2.4G remote control, the same flying field transmitter can avoid mutual interference, and the operation response speed is faster than traditional narrowband wireless technology. However, due to the relationship between radio coding and frequency hopping technology, the transmitter of a factory must be used, and the receiver of the factory can no longer be used.
dining table sets,round dining table,dining table set for 6,dining table sets for 8
Kumusi (Dongguan) Furniture Co., Ltd. , https://www.kcoffeetable.com