The revolution in information technology and the development of the Internet are driving the transformation of the industrial economy into a network economy. In this era of change, traditional printing companies are faced with the decision to go. As a part of the information industry, the printing industry faces challenges mainly from changes in the way information is disseminated and the proliferation of media. It can be foreseen that the 21st century will be a century full of all kinds of traditional media. Therefore, printing companies must make the right choice.
Option One: Making Choices in the Internet Industry and Non-Internet Industry
The Internet has brought huge business opportunities and will induce more companies to flood the Internet industry. In the face of this new industry, all enterprises are standing on the same starting line and starting their own businesses. If you have enough confidence, you can take a bold step, regardless of whether you are involved in the network or whether you know the network. Of course, the premise is that you must understand the characteristics of the network economy. The network economy is a new economic model. We should pay attention to the following points in the process of entrepreneurship:
1, the comprehensive nature of the network economy
In terms of time, the network economy is an all-weather economy. Since information networks are operating 24 hours a day, network-based economic activities are rarely constrained by time, and can be conducted continuously throughout the day.
In terms of space, the network economy is a global economy. As information networks turn the entire world into a “global villageâ€, geographical distances become irrelevant, and network-based economic activities minimize the constraints of spatial factors, greatly speeding up the globalization process of the entire economy and mutual economic interaction among countries in the world. Unprecedented dependence has increased. From the perspective of the network economy itself, first of all it allows the expansion of economic activities to be global, reach all countries and regions where the Internet is connected, enter the global market, expand the scope of marketing, and make full use of the world's production factors.
In terms of the way companies survive, the network economy is an economy where competition and cooperation coexist. The network broke the margin of traditional economy. The information network has expanded the scope of competition and cooperation among enterprises, and has also accelerated the speed of conversion between competition and cooperation. The world has entered the era of great competition. There is cooperation in the competition and cooperation is also for competition. In competition and cooperation or cooperation and competition, the vitality of the company has increased and the resilience of the company has increased. Otherwise, it will be quickly eliminated. The sustainable competitive advantage of an enterprise is no longer dependent on natural resources or funds available for use, but more on information and knowledge.
2, the high speed of the network economy
The network economy is a “direct†economy that weakens the role of the middle level. Due to the development of the network, the structure of economic organizations tends to be thin and the producers and consumers at the end of the network can directly contact each other. As the “production and sales meetâ€, the intermediate level loses the necessity of existence. Of course, this does not preclude the possibility of having a variety of professional brokers and information service intermediary companies due to the complexity of online market transactions. It makes the low-cost and high-efficiency of economic activities have a very wide range of universality. Enterprises, families and other units that access the Internet will all benefit from lower transaction costs and more business opportunities. The network has promoted the improvement of the market economy. It provides opportunities for the efficient operation of markets and businesses.
The network economy is a speed economy. Modern information networks can transmit information at the speed of light. The network economy collects, processes, and applies a large amount of information at a speed close to real-time, and it needs to follow the fast-moving information. The economic rhythm will be greatly accelerated, and it will fall behind one step behind. Competition has become more and more a time of competition. Compared with the traditional economy, the network economy not only has high productivity but also creates wealth. At present, the global network of users has reached 200 million, and is developing at a snowball speed. By the end of 1999, China's Internet users had reached 8.9 million, and 2/3 of the users were interested in e-commerce on the Internet. At present, there are more than 200O e-commerce websites in China's mainland, and the total transaction volume reached 200 million yuan in 1999. China's e-commerce websites are growing at a rate of two homes per day. This fully shows that the speed of development of the network economy is high speed.
3, the innovativeness of the network economy
First, the network economy is an information and knowledge-based economy. The wider the value of the broader application of its trading, the maximum price of the commodity is close to the market price that strictly reflects the change of supply and demand. It has the advantages of interaction and negotiation, mutual benefit and win-win, and the demand for wealth is intensifying due to the disparity of wealth. , is likely to affect economic development.
Second, the network economy is an innovative economy. It stems from high technology and the Internet but goes beyond high technology and the Internet. The development of network technology is changing with each passing day. As a result, the network economy needs to emphasize research and development and education and training. If it is not continuously innovated, the "new" of the new economy will be difficult to sustain. At the same time as technological innovation, it is necessary to cooperate with institutional innovation, organizational innovation, management innovation, and concept innovation.
Finally, the network economy is a learning economy. It is mainly expressed in "Learning by Doing". In the face of fiercely competitive markets and complex and ever-changing needs, companies must not only have strong economic, technical, and managerial strength but also have timely, accurate, and comprehensive information in order to compete in the ever-changing international market. It is almost impossible for a company to develop all its own new technologies. This requires companies to become learning-oriented organizations, and to use secondary schools. It can be seen that when competition between enterprises is transformed into knowledge competition, then learning will naturally become the mode of operation of the company's important investment direction. This is an important driving force for the development of enterprises in the era of Internet economy.
4. Support the regularity of the network economy
In particular, we must point out that some laws in the development of information networks dominate the network economy. This is the following three laws:
1. Moore's Law (Moores Law) on the Price Ratio of Information Technology Functions. According to this law, the function of the computer silicon chip doubles every 18 months, and the price decreases by half. The role of the law has continued for more than 30 years since the 1960s and is expected to continue for 20 years. It reveals the rapidly growing engine of the information technology industry and the root causes of continuous change.
2. The Metcalfe Law of Information Network Expansion Effect. The value of the network is equal to the square of the number of nodes in the network. This shows that network efficiency has increased exponentially with the increase of network users. Users of the Internet are probably doubling every six months. Internet traffic is doubling every 100 days. This explosive growth will inevitably bring about rapid increase in network efficiency. The reasons for the continuous rise in the value of the Internet business concept stock market are related to people's expectations.
3. The Matthews EffeCt law with strong contrasts between strengths and weaknesses in information activities. In information activities, due to people's psychological reactions and inertia, under certain conditions, once advantages or disadvantages occur, they will continue to intensify and self-improvement, resulting in cumulative effects of rolling. Therefore, there will often be stronger and weaker weaker people in a certain period of time. Moreover, due to the brand name effect, it may happen that the strong will win and the winner will eat together.
Option two: Use network technology to transform existing printing companies
The Internet is changing the main business model of enterprises and the game rules of the market competition. The Internet is the core of the reconstruction of new business models. With the help of the Internet, everything that the old model cannot match can be realized. The use of network technology to transform existing printing companies, which includes re-adjusting the internal management of the company through the intranet, reconstructing the marketing system through the Internet, better obtaining customer information, reducing transaction costs, thereby lowering the price of products, reducing the burden on tangible assets, and improving Operational efficiency and management speed, and establishing a closer relationship with customers at the same time, constitute the core competitiveness of the company, which will make your business new. Here we can start from the following aspects:
1. Establishing a new production model as soon as possible “Digital information processing + high-density storage + network transmission†is a typical model of modern printing production. It is a sign of measuring the modernization of the printing industry. The traditional production mode of the printing industry is based on the model of "real goods carrier conversion + warehousing + transportation" based simulation or analog and digital production modes. The result of digitalization is the integration of printing and copying operations. In the digital production mode, digital high-density storage and network transmission replace storage and transportation in traditional simulation or analog and digital production models, before meeting with customers. The printed matter exists and circulates completely in a digital manner, which greatly reduces the mediating links and mediation of media consumption.
In addition, the integrated digital system and information and communication network constitute a huge information network system, which provides the printing industry with an unprecedented and convenient means of enriching information resources and transmitting information, so that printing production gradually begins to get rid of the time and geographical constraints. Need to print possible. Therefore, printing companies should establish a new production model as soon as possible to meet the requirements of the era of network economy.
2, to strengthen the fusion of printing and IT
Modern printing is actually an integral part of the modern information industry. It is an information industry with images and texts as the main objects. Its main task is to convert graphic information in digital information networks at high speed, high quality, and low cost. To become what people need, visual information based on paper. There are two main methods for transforming printing companies with IT technology. The first is to unite with IT companies. In practice, many printing companies have already begun to merge with some computer companies and powerful network companies or form new ones with complementary advantages to meet the demands of the era of network economy. For example, the former Nanjing Wusi Printing Factory joined the Nanjing Tongchuang Group. On the basis of the original, the company cited Tongchuang management model and in-depth technological transformation, so that the old factory has a new life.
The second is to apply IT technology to the production, management, and marketing of printing companies. In the past few years, we have clearly seen that computer and network technologies are playing an increasingly important role in enterprises. In order to meet the requirements of the rapid development of the market, digital printing machines and laser printers have emerged. The printing quality is getting higher and higher, and the printing speed can be achieved "justified"; the whole process of printing production will be fully digitalized; the production of printing products will not be restricted by the region; companies can accept orders and transmit images from the Internet. Information and arrangements for production.
Some printing companies have gradually transformed the printing companies that originally used paper to copy images and texts into information-reproducing companies that can take on multimedia and gradually diversify their products. In order to improve their competitive position in the domestic and international markets, numerous printing companies have fully applied the ISO 9000 quality assurance system standards and passed ISO 9002 certification. This not only improved the plant's technical level, but also won customers at home and abroad.
We must soberly realize that the network economy is not a substitute for printing companies, but it is reforming, readjusting their production methods and operating methods, and giving full play to the multiplier effect of the network economy. Through the transformation and adjustment, most printing companies will benefit from the development of the network and meet the needs of different customers. In the online society, the traditional printing industry will bring the branding of informationization, digitization, and networking, and it will appear with a new look and management style. With the advent of the digital economy in the information era, the reintegration of printing enterprise mechanisms, the entire process of production to achieve digital, diversification of enterprise products, the production of the entire process of production quality completely controlled by various standards, computers and networks in the enterprise to get more applications .
3, comprehensively improve the quality of talent
In the information society, whether a company can own a group of high-quality talents at various levels directly determines the survival and development of the company. If China's printing industry wants to remain invincible in the fierce market competition in the 21st century, it must place talent development, training and use in an important position.
The network economy has higher requirements for talents. With the rapid development of science and technology, some types of jobs in the traditional printing industry will gradually disappear, the entire printing industry will gradually transition to knowledge-intensive industries, the structure of the labor force will also change significantly, and the quality of laborers will also be required.
Option One: Making Choices in the Internet Industry and Non-Internet Industry
The Internet has brought huge business opportunities and will induce more companies to flood the Internet industry. In the face of this new industry, all enterprises are standing on the same starting line and starting their own businesses. If you have enough confidence, you can take a bold step, regardless of whether you are involved in the network or whether you know the network. Of course, the premise is that you must understand the characteristics of the network economy. The network economy is a new economic model. We should pay attention to the following points in the process of entrepreneurship:
1, the comprehensive nature of the network economy
In terms of time, the network economy is an all-weather economy. Since information networks are operating 24 hours a day, network-based economic activities are rarely constrained by time, and can be conducted continuously throughout the day.
In terms of space, the network economy is a global economy. As information networks turn the entire world into a “global villageâ€, geographical distances become irrelevant, and network-based economic activities minimize the constraints of spatial factors, greatly speeding up the globalization process of the entire economy and mutual economic interaction among countries in the world. Unprecedented dependence has increased. From the perspective of the network economy itself, first of all it allows the expansion of economic activities to be global, reach all countries and regions where the Internet is connected, enter the global market, expand the scope of marketing, and make full use of the world's production factors.
In terms of the way companies survive, the network economy is an economy where competition and cooperation coexist. The network broke the margin of traditional economy. The information network has expanded the scope of competition and cooperation among enterprises, and has also accelerated the speed of conversion between competition and cooperation. The world has entered the era of great competition. There is cooperation in the competition and cooperation is also for competition. In competition and cooperation or cooperation and competition, the vitality of the company has increased and the resilience of the company has increased. Otherwise, it will be quickly eliminated. The sustainable competitive advantage of an enterprise is no longer dependent on natural resources or funds available for use, but more on information and knowledge.
2, the high speed of the network economy
The network economy is a “direct†economy that weakens the role of the middle level. Due to the development of the network, the structure of economic organizations tends to be thin and the producers and consumers at the end of the network can directly contact each other. As the “production and sales meetâ€, the intermediate level loses the necessity of existence. Of course, this does not preclude the possibility of having a variety of professional brokers and information service intermediary companies due to the complexity of online market transactions. It makes the low-cost and high-efficiency of economic activities have a very wide range of universality. Enterprises, families and other units that access the Internet will all benefit from lower transaction costs and more business opportunities. The network has promoted the improvement of the market economy. It provides opportunities for the efficient operation of markets and businesses.
The network economy is a speed economy. Modern information networks can transmit information at the speed of light. The network economy collects, processes, and applies a large amount of information at a speed close to real-time, and it needs to follow the fast-moving information. The economic rhythm will be greatly accelerated, and it will fall behind one step behind. Competition has become more and more a time of competition. Compared with the traditional economy, the network economy not only has high productivity but also creates wealth. At present, the global network of users has reached 200 million, and is developing at a snowball speed. By the end of 1999, China's Internet users had reached 8.9 million, and 2/3 of the users were interested in e-commerce on the Internet. At present, there are more than 200O e-commerce websites in China's mainland, and the total transaction volume reached 200 million yuan in 1999. China's e-commerce websites are growing at a rate of two homes per day. This fully shows that the speed of development of the network economy is high speed.
3, the innovativeness of the network economy
First, the network economy is an information and knowledge-based economy. The wider the value of the broader application of its trading, the maximum price of the commodity is close to the market price that strictly reflects the change of supply and demand. It has the advantages of interaction and negotiation, mutual benefit and win-win, and the demand for wealth is intensifying due to the disparity of wealth. , is likely to affect economic development.
Second, the network economy is an innovative economy. It stems from high technology and the Internet but goes beyond high technology and the Internet. The development of network technology is changing with each passing day. As a result, the network economy needs to emphasize research and development and education and training. If it is not continuously innovated, the "new" of the new economy will be difficult to sustain. At the same time as technological innovation, it is necessary to cooperate with institutional innovation, organizational innovation, management innovation, and concept innovation.
Finally, the network economy is a learning economy. It is mainly expressed in "Learning by Doing". In the face of fiercely competitive markets and complex and ever-changing needs, companies must not only have strong economic, technical, and managerial strength but also have timely, accurate, and comprehensive information in order to compete in the ever-changing international market. It is almost impossible for a company to develop all its own new technologies. This requires companies to become learning-oriented organizations, and to use secondary schools. It can be seen that when competition between enterprises is transformed into knowledge competition, then learning will naturally become the mode of operation of the company's important investment direction. This is an important driving force for the development of enterprises in the era of Internet economy.
4. Support the regularity of the network economy
In particular, we must point out that some laws in the development of information networks dominate the network economy. This is the following three laws:
1. Moore's Law (Moores Law) on the Price Ratio of Information Technology Functions. According to this law, the function of the computer silicon chip doubles every 18 months, and the price decreases by half. The role of the law has continued for more than 30 years since the 1960s and is expected to continue for 20 years. It reveals the rapidly growing engine of the information technology industry and the root causes of continuous change.
2. The Metcalfe Law of Information Network Expansion Effect. The value of the network is equal to the square of the number of nodes in the network. This shows that network efficiency has increased exponentially with the increase of network users. Users of the Internet are probably doubling every six months. Internet traffic is doubling every 100 days. This explosive growth will inevitably bring about rapid increase in network efficiency. The reasons for the continuous rise in the value of the Internet business concept stock market are related to people's expectations.
3. The Matthews EffeCt law with strong contrasts between strengths and weaknesses in information activities. In information activities, due to people's psychological reactions and inertia, under certain conditions, once advantages or disadvantages occur, they will continue to intensify and self-improvement, resulting in cumulative effects of rolling. Therefore, there will often be stronger and weaker weaker people in a certain period of time. Moreover, due to the brand name effect, it may happen that the strong will win and the winner will eat together.
Option two: Use network technology to transform existing printing companies
The Internet is changing the main business model of enterprises and the game rules of the market competition. The Internet is the core of the reconstruction of new business models. With the help of the Internet, everything that the old model cannot match can be realized. The use of network technology to transform existing printing companies, which includes re-adjusting the internal management of the company through the intranet, reconstructing the marketing system through the Internet, better obtaining customer information, reducing transaction costs, thereby lowering the price of products, reducing the burden on tangible assets, and improving Operational efficiency and management speed, and establishing a closer relationship with customers at the same time, constitute the core competitiveness of the company, which will make your business new. Here we can start from the following aspects:
1. Establishing a new production model as soon as possible “Digital information processing + high-density storage + network transmission†is a typical model of modern printing production. It is a sign of measuring the modernization of the printing industry. The traditional production mode of the printing industry is based on the model of "real goods carrier conversion + warehousing + transportation" based simulation or analog and digital production modes. The result of digitalization is the integration of printing and copying operations. In the digital production mode, digital high-density storage and network transmission replace storage and transportation in traditional simulation or analog and digital production models, before meeting with customers. The printed matter exists and circulates completely in a digital manner, which greatly reduces the mediating links and mediation of media consumption.
In addition, the integrated digital system and information and communication network constitute a huge information network system, which provides the printing industry with an unprecedented and convenient means of enriching information resources and transmitting information, so that printing production gradually begins to get rid of the time and geographical constraints. Need to print possible. Therefore, printing companies should establish a new production model as soon as possible to meet the requirements of the era of network economy.
2, to strengthen the fusion of printing and IT
Modern printing is actually an integral part of the modern information industry. It is an information industry with images and texts as the main objects. Its main task is to convert graphic information in digital information networks at high speed, high quality, and low cost. To become what people need, visual information based on paper. There are two main methods for transforming printing companies with IT technology. The first is to unite with IT companies. In practice, many printing companies have already begun to merge with some computer companies and powerful network companies or form new ones with complementary advantages to meet the demands of the era of network economy. For example, the former Nanjing Wusi Printing Factory joined the Nanjing Tongchuang Group. On the basis of the original, the company cited Tongchuang management model and in-depth technological transformation, so that the old factory has a new life.
The second is to apply IT technology to the production, management, and marketing of printing companies. In the past few years, we have clearly seen that computer and network technologies are playing an increasingly important role in enterprises. In order to meet the requirements of the rapid development of the market, digital printing machines and laser printers have emerged. The printing quality is getting higher and higher, and the printing speed can be achieved "justified"; the whole process of printing production will be fully digitalized; the production of printing products will not be restricted by the region; companies can accept orders and transmit images from the Internet. Information and arrangements for production.
Some printing companies have gradually transformed the printing companies that originally used paper to copy images and texts into information-reproducing companies that can take on multimedia and gradually diversify their products. In order to improve their competitive position in the domestic and international markets, numerous printing companies have fully applied the ISO 9000 quality assurance system standards and passed ISO 9002 certification. This not only improved the plant's technical level, but also won customers at home and abroad.
We must soberly realize that the network economy is not a substitute for printing companies, but it is reforming, readjusting their production methods and operating methods, and giving full play to the multiplier effect of the network economy. Through the transformation and adjustment, most printing companies will benefit from the development of the network and meet the needs of different customers. In the online society, the traditional printing industry will bring the branding of informationization, digitization, and networking, and it will appear with a new look and management style. With the advent of the digital economy in the information era, the reintegration of printing enterprise mechanisms, the entire process of production to achieve digital, diversification of enterprise products, the production of the entire process of production quality completely controlled by various standards, computers and networks in the enterprise to get more applications .
3, comprehensively improve the quality of talent
In the information society, whether a company can own a group of high-quality talents at various levels directly determines the survival and development of the company. If China's printing industry wants to remain invincible in the fierce market competition in the 21st century, it must place talent development, training and use in an important position.
The network economy has higher requirements for talents. With the rapid development of science and technology, some types of jobs in the traditional printing industry will gradually disappear, the entire printing industry will gradually transition to knowledge-intensive industries, the structure of the labor force will also change significantly, and the quality of laborers will also be required.
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