HC Security Network News series of questions about the wisdom of maintaining a family environment, small series on the 36th Beijing Youth Science Creation Competition first two days saw three boys from Capital Normal University Affiliated High School Lize design of a smart home environment regulation System, their goal is to be able to "handle" the above problems, so that the home is particularly "heart-saving."
Origin of creation
Solve the existing "defects" of purifiers
“Several smog red warnings in Beijing, we stopped class at home. Even if the doors and windows are closed, the air quality in the home is not good.†Captain Zhao Tianqi said that for this reason, he specially studied the air purifiers that many families use. “I understand There are two ways to purify the air purifier, but there are certain defects."
Among them, one is an air purifier using a filter membrane, and this type of air purifier is updated at a higher frequency, but when the fogging red is frequently warned, the life of the filter membrane is greatly shortened. The other is an air purifier that utilizes the principle of electrostatic adsorption. When the purifier removes smog in the air, it also produces other pollutants such as ozone, which has a limited effect.
In addition, Zhao Tianqi also found that the existing air quality inspection broadcasts were not timely enough. “The data obtained by the air purifier comes from the server terminal, and the monitoring points are generally far away from the family. This results in a data refresh rate that is not high enough for people to get real-time at home. The data belongs to 'repairing the sheep'."
How can the home environment purification device be more sensitive and efficient, and keep the interior fresh and comfortable? Zhao Tianqi and his partners Yang Haoxin and Li Jiaqi have had many discussions and proposed various smart home solutions.
When it is difficult to choose, they decided to integrate the individual projects into a systematic smart home. "This intelligent adjustment system can achieve real-time monitoring that is not possible with current weather forecasts, such as monitoring PM values. Through intelligent The means to achieve the functions of a variety of smart homes such as air purifiers, environmental quality detectors, intelligent motion reminders, smart flower pots and smart light sources."
Smart home model
System function air, light, flower "one hand" maintenance
In order to solve the air quality problems encountered in the actual living environment, Zhao Tianqi and his partners divided the problem into several aspects: solving the problem of indoor air circulation and circulation under the real-time monitoring of indoor and outdoor air quality, automatic pouring Aquaculture flowers and indoor light are automatically adjusted.
The first is the automatic air circulation system. Zhao Tianqi and his partners use sensors specially designed to monitor air quality to monitor the air quality inside and outside the room in real time. The sensor transmits the collected data to the main control system, through the comparison of indoor and outdoor data. The control will automatically make judgments and reactions. "There are two kinds of judgments: one is that the indoor air is not good, the outdoor air is good, then the ventilation should be ventilated; one is that the indoor and outdoor environments are not good. In this case, the air purifier should be directly turned on. "When and when to ventilate, when to open the air purifier, it is completely automatic by the program.
“Going home at night and getting up at night, the dim family environment often causes unnecessary small bumps; sometimes the light in the home environment does not meet the comfort standards of the human eye. Our system also needs to solve this problem and let the indoor light In order to achieve automatic adjustment of indoor light, they use light sensors to judge the intensity of indoor and outdoor light. The sensor feeds the collected data back to the master, and determines the difference by comparing the differences. Reaction measures to balance indoor and outdoor light. When the room is dark and the room is bright, the system will operate to open the curtains for lighting; when the indoor and outdoor are dark, the system will automatically turn on the lights and automatically adjust the brightness of the lights; when the outdoor is glaring, the system will pull the curtains accordingly.
"The regulation of plants in the family environment is very significant, but some people often forget to water the flowers, how to do potted plants and flowers at home?" Zhao Tianqi and the team members tried to insert sensors for monitoring soil moisture in the plant pots.
By continuously testing the relationship between sensor feedback and soil moisture, they obtained three standard thresholds for wetting, microdrying and drying. There are also three indicator lights connected to the flower pot. When the soil is wet, the green light on the flower pot lights up, indicating that the plant is “safe and flawless†at the moment; when the soil is slightly dry, the yellow light is on to remind the watering; when the soil Very dry, the red light illuminates to remind people to hydrate the plants right away. If necessary, the system can also control the water pump to achieve automatic watering. "In the future, we also want to increase the networking function. People can also see the growth status of home plants in the field."
Editor in charge: Wang Xun
Smart flower pot
Future prospects continue to improve and look forward to becoming a "product"
The three boys told Xiaobian that the entire system took four months from conception to completion of the model. They use a combination of single-chip microcomputer, sensor and LEGO robot to make the model. Zhao Tianqi is responsible for the overall design and software part of the system. Li Jiaqi and Yang Haoxin are responsible for the hardware construction part, and the three partners work together.
“The system uses the latest Arduino main control board, which is more open and flexible than the Lego robots that used to practice in the past. It also brings a lot of difficulties to the completion of the project: its programming uses C language, but When we were in elementary school, we practiced graphical programming. This is something that three of us haven't touched before." The most troublesome thing about learning C is to write down the complicated grammar. At noon, I study at home, go home from school, and Zhao Tianqi is at Serious self-study, one lesson is more than two months.
Language accessibility, programming will be programmed, how to control the sensor, read the return value, this is a big problem. The most difficult to handle is the air quality sensor, which is very complicated. In addition, the master intelligently reads the return value but does not know what the unit is.
To this end, the boys found a lot of documents in the forums, post bars and product databases, and used the time of the community activities after school to study for a week. With the verification of the experiment, I finally got a more accurate and true reading.
Zhao Tianqi pointed out that although the students have been debugging, improving and perfecting again and again, the system is still in the model stage, and further improvement is needed to make it truly suitable for home use. For example, the ventilation and ventilation function of the model is completed by a fan, while in the home, the linkage of the air conditioner can be realized. “The interconnection is realized by infrared emission, and the switch of the air conditioner is replaced by the remote controller.â€
In addition, the interconnection of the devices in the model is realized by the connecting line, and the wiring is troublesome. "In the future, all the devices can be integrated into the two boxes indoors and outdoors, and they are embedded in the wall like a tablet computer to save space. The middle cable can be connected to the home Wifi wireless connection, which is low power and more convenient."
In addition, the boys have many new ideas for system functions, such as remote control for networking, gas safety monitoring, automatic window cleaning, etc. They said to Xiaobian: "We will continue to improve, I hope it can really become a product, convenient Thousands of households."
Editor in charge: Wang Xun
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