Protein A is a cell wall protein of a strain of S. aureus that binds to mammalian IgG via the Fc region. Protein A, 42 kDa, which is provided by the natural Qiweiyi, contains four Ig Fc binding sites. Point, 2 of which are active, and for purification of antibodies, typically recombinant protein A, contains 4 Ig Fc region binding sites.
Protein A is coupled as an affinity ligand to the agarose matrix, protein A agarose, which specifically binds to the antibody molecule in the sample, leaving other heteroproteins unbound, which is extremely high. Selectivity. One protein A molecule can bind at least two IgGs. The natural protein A and recombinant protein A provided by Qiweiyicheng have similar specific binding to the Fc segment of IgG. However, the recombinant protein A is modified to contain a C-terminal cysteine, which can be coupled to agarose at a single site, which reduces steric hindrance and increases the ability to bind to antibodies. The binding strength of protein A to IgG is largely dependent on the species and subtype of the antibody. Protein A agarose provided by Qiweiyicheng is commonly used for immunoprecipitation of murine IgG2a, IgG2b, IgA, rabbit IgG, and human IgG1. , IgG2 and IgG4 several antibodies.
Protein G is a cell wall protein derived from the Streptococcus group G, which has a molecular weight of 25 kDa and is a type III Fc receptor. Protein G can specifically bind to the Fc region of IgG, has better binding ability to IgG than Protein A, has lower serum protein binding level, higher purity, and lower ligand shedding. Recombinant protein G has removed binding sites to albumin and cell surface, reducing cross-reactivity and non-specific binding. Therefore, it has a greater affinity than native protein G and protein A.
Protein G is coupled as an affinity ligand to the agarose matrix, protein G agarose, which specifically binds to antibody molecules in the sample. Protein G binds to all human and murine IGG antibodies. Subtypes, including rat IGG1. Protein G can also bind to mouse IGG2a and IGG2b, while Protein A does not.
Protein L is a protein that binds to Magnus Digestive Streptococcus and binds to immunoglobulin specifically. It has a molecular weight of 36Kd. Unlike protein Fc and protein G, which bind to the (antibody) Fc region, protein L is light. Chain-bound interactions of antibodies. Since no part of the heavy chain will participate in the binding interaction, protein L binds to a broader range of antibody classes than protein A or G protein L binds to all antibody classes, including representatives of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE and IgD. Protein L is not a universal antibody binding protein despite its broad binding range. L protein binding is limited to those antibodies that contain the kappa light chain. In human and mouse antibodies, the antibody molecule contains the kappa light chain in addition to the ι light chain. For example, it binds to the human VκI, VκIII and VκIV subtypes but does not bind to the VκII subtype.
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