Silk screen printing is a method of making a silk screen into a flower plate. When printing, the flower plate is overlaid on the textile, and the printing color paste is added to the flower plate, which is printed on the textile under the squeeze of the scraper, so that the textile obtains the pattern. Printing method. This method has the advantages of simple plate-making, unlimited patterns and low cost. No matter which industry is used for silk screen printing, silk screens of different materials are used as the carrier of the plate film, but there are some differences in the selection of the silk screen and the plate making process.
1. Pre-press processing
Pre-press processing includes pattern design and black-and-white color separation (ie, positive film). Generally, the continuous shooting process is used for photosensitive plate-making. The photosensitive material for plate-making needs to be water-resistant.
2. Wire mesh material
The silk screen material is the main material for screen printing. The silk screen woven with silk has been replaced by a nylon screen. Although the nylon screen has high strength, wear resistance and elasticity, it is susceptible to temperature and humidity changes and scalability Larger, which affects the accuracy of the set, so when printing high-end products, polyester (polyester) screens are generally used.
In addition, metal screens such as nickel screens for rotary screen printing and stainless steel screens for circuit boards are also used. There are many varieties of wire mesh specifications, with a width of 90-230cm and a mesh of 31-196 mesh / cm, which can be selected according to different uses.
3. Screen printing equipment
Screen printing equipment is very complex, ranging from simple home workshops to modern complete equipment. Textile screen printing is divided into rotary screen and flat screen, flat screen equipment includes printing platen, automatic flat screen printing machine and rotary printing machine. Among them, the maximum width of the automatic flat screen machine is 3.2m, the length is about 60m, and the maximum color is 24 colors, which belongs to large equipment.
Textile screen printing is generally continuous printing. Even handkerchiefs, tablecloths, etc. with independent patterns are continuously printed and then cut out, while clothing pieces and shirts are mostly printed on turntables.
4. Material differences
The difference in printing materials is simply the difference between water-based and solvent-based (oily). Textile printing is generally based on dyes, especially on silk textiles. It is more complicated to use corresponding dye technology and supporting equipment according to the nature of different fibers. Printing is based on paint printing paste, which is called water-based ink.
Due to practical requirements, the color and luster of textile screen printing must have a certain fastness (not easy to fade). At the same time, due to large changes in color and luster, the paste and the colorant are generally sold and stored separately. .
In addition, there are many special functional coating printing pastes, such as foaming inks, bright inks, fluorescent inks, etc., which are often not restricted by the nature of textile fibers, so they occupy a certain position in coating screen printing. In recent years, screen printing The variety of ink is also increasing.
5. Post-press processing
In the screen printing process of textiles, post-press processing is very important. It must be steamed or baked at high temperature to fix the color, so that the dye and the textile fiber are combined to ensure the color fastness. In addition, after fixing, it should be washed with water to remove the carrier and unfixed dye in the printing paste to make the color bright.
It should be noted that even if the coating process is used, high-temperature baking is required, but it can be washed without water. The post-sequence processing of non-textile screen printing is generally simple, but it is necessary to take some necessary processing according to the quality requirements of printed products, such as the photo-curing treatment of UV ink.
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