The rise of 3D printing has enabled many designers and inventors to realize the possibility of turning ideas into reality. However, when designing a model that can be used for 3D printing, you need to consider some things that do not need to be considered in the field of traditional animation or game design, such as the size of the design items, printing materials, wall thickness, printing process, etc., which will affect the final product. effect.
1. Size
This is easy to understand, even the best 3D printers cannot print infinitely large items. Many designers, especially those in the art field, often do not consider the print size when designing objects at the beginning, which has caused confusion about whether 3D printing can be done later. Therefore, for the confirmation of the size, the sooner the better, too large may involve disassembly, too small may lose printing details.
The size must be within the controllable range of the 3D printer
2. Wall thickness
This is an important factor that affects the success of 3D printing. 3D printing is based on layer-by-layer stacking to make items. If a 3D file has no wall thickness, it is all pieces and lines, and the 3D printer cannot know what the layer thickness is. Law printed. For 3D printing service providers, there is generally a requirement for wall thickness. This requirement may be a little more conservative than the printing process limit, reducing the chance of items not being damaged during transportation and cleaning.
The plane shown in the picture is too thin, there will be problems with printing
3. Normal
Normals are used to distinguish between internal and external planes, which is very important for printers. Normals must not be reversed, otherwise the 3D printer cannot recognize the boundaries of the model.
4. Minimum clearance
The minimum gap refers to the minimum distance between two wall thicknesses, which is related to the physical limit of the 3D printer. If the minimum gap is less than the printing limit of 3D printing, the two walls will form a wall thickness, which may cause some support or residues to go out.
5. Cross coincident surface
The intersection will cause overlapping volumes. This will first cause inaccurate volume calculations and more volume calculations. In addition, the orientation of the positioning surface will be problematic, so the cross-coincident surfaces must be merged.
6. Non-flow type
Mistakes in the modeling process or some "shortcuts" or "tricks" may cause unpopular appearance. This means that an edge intersects one or more faces, rather than a body-to-body intersection. This makes the 3D printer think that the model has a hole, or at least the face has a problem and cannot be printed.
For the above factors that affect 3D printing, do you think it is difficult to design 3D printed models, but it is not hopeless? There are several good detection and repair software on the market for us to choose. Next, Antarctic Bear Let me introduce you.
The first 3D-Tool
This is a software from Germany that is not well-known but easy to use. It has a relatively good feature, that is, you can detect the wall thickness and display it in the form of a heat map, and you can also directly see the cross-section of each layer.
The interface is very simple, personally feel that it is simpler than magics, suitable for novices; in addition, this software also has a repair function, which can repair and repair basic triangular surfaces.
It's true that it takes a long time to calculate the wall thickness. Sometimes a large file is so long that it makes you doubt your life.
The second Meshlab
This is an open source 3D software, written by a group of students from the University of Pisa, many people should be familiar with it. This software allows you to edit any triangle face, so it is powerful. However, because it is open source, the interface is relatively difficult to use, and it is not very friendly to newcomers. After using it, you will feel its power. There are many supported file formats and output file formats. So the advantage of this software is that it is powerful, the processing ability of the dough is powerful, and it supports many file formats. But the bad is also because the powerful function makes the interface difficult to understand. In addition, this software does not have the function of wall thickness detection and automatic repair.
The third Magics
Magics should be the most commonly used software in the 3D printing industry, and its functions are also the most powerful. It was developed by the Belgian materialise company in 1992. It can be said to be the earliest rapid prototyping professional software.
Magics should be able to meet almost all your requirements for 3D printing software, such as wall thickness, repair (automatic + manual), shell extraction and so on. But its value is very high, genuine software is very expensive. Of course, for the Chinese, there are many solutions, everyone realizes ...
If you are a light user, you can use their free miniMagics, which is the castration version of magics. The advantage is lightness. The disadvantage is simple function.
Fourth Netfabb
Netfabb is also a very easy-to-use software, its interface is simpler than magics, but it has a very good automatic detection and automatic repair function, very suitable for beginners to use, is a very practical tool software.
It is divided into a free version and a paid version. The free version also has a good repair function, and the paid version is even more powerful. However, the free version does not have a wall thickness heat map, but it can be measured point to point, which is very good!
to sum up:
Magics is the most comprehensive and professional 3D printing inspection and repair software, but the price is high; Meshlab is open source and free, and the function is also very powerful; the free version of 3DTool can provide wall thickness detection; the free version of Netfabb is very good for general 3D printing users First choice. 
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