First, in the printing industry, the importance and role of ceramic anilox roll
(a) The application of anilox rollers has created favorable conditions for printing presses using short ink path systems
1. The traditional ink system consists of an ink supply section, a uniform ink section, and an ink application section. For a letterpress printer and a flat offset press, the total number of ink rollers for an inking device is generally about 20, which not only complicates the inking device, but also has many adjustments and is not easy to operate. With the anilox roller inking system, an anilox roller (assisted by a doctor blade) almost replaces all the functions of all the ink rollers of the conventional ink inking system, thereby improving the design level of the inking device.
2. Gravure presses are not necessary or available with anilox rollers.
3. The lithographic offset press adopts the short ink system and has obtained research results. The anilox roll is expected to be popularized and applied.
(b) The anilox roller has a measuring function for ink transfer
1. The traditional ink system has no metering function for the amount of ink transferred and cannot control the amount of ink transferred.
2. The relationship between the number of anilox roller patterns and the printing pressure: In general, the greater the printing pressure, the higher the ink transfer rate, the more ink required, and the corresponding number of screen lines of the anilox roller.
3. The relationship between the number of reticulate lines and the printing speed: Different models, different printing speeds, and the required amount of ink transfer.
For high-speed machines, because the printing speed is higher, the amount of ink transferred is reduced, and the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be increased accordingly; for the low-speed machine, it is correspondingly reduced.
4. The relationship between the performance of the anilox roller and the substrate surface:
For non-absorbent printing materials (such as PE, PP, PET aluminum foil, etc.), due to the need to transfer less ink, the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be increased accordingly; for the absorption of printing materials (such as paper, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, etc.) ) Because of the large amount of ink required for transfer, the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be reduced accordingly.
The higher the surface smoothness of the substrate, the less the amount of ink needed for transfer, the number of anilox roller lines should be increased accordingly, and vice versa.
5. The relationship between the anilox roller and the thickness and hardness of the plate:
The greater the thickness of the plate, the lower the hardness, the greater the amount of ink needed to be transferred, and the corresponding number of anilox roller screens should be reduced. On the contrary, it should be increased accordingly.
6. The relationship between anilox roller and printing graphic type:
For real one, color printing, due to the need for more ink transfer, the number of anilox roller lines should be reduced accordingly. For fine lines and dot printing, the number of anilox roller lines should increase correspondingly due to less ink transfer.
In short, for different models (printing speed), different printing pressures, plate thickness and hardness, different substrate materials and printing objects, etc., due to the large difference in the required ink transfer amount, it is entirely possible to use reasonable selections. The anilox roller (ie, different number of lines, mesh shape, mesh angle, and ratio of different mesh openings to the mesh wall) meets the basic requirements for different ink transfer amounts to achieve the purpose of quantitatively providing the ink transfer amount.
(C) The use of ceramic anilox roller is the premise to achieve high-speed printing machine
For flexographic printing, high speed printing is not possible without the high abrasion resistant ceramic anilox roll. In general, the use of chrome-plated metal anilox roller, the printing speed is generally about 150m/min, if the printing speed is too high, it will accelerate the wear of the metal anilox roller. Due to the use of ceramic anilox rollers, the general printing speed of current flexographic presses is up to 500 m/min, with a maximum of 800 m/min.
(d) The use of ceramic anilox rolls provides an important guarantee for achieving “green printingâ€
In the modern society, where environmental protection requirements are increasingly strong, the printing industry must vigorously promote the use of pollution-free "green" inks, that is, water-based inks that do not pollute the environment and have no harmful solvents, while ceramic anilox rolls have strong acid resistance because of its The use of ceramic anilox rollers is of great importance for promoting the use of water-based inks, improving the printing environment and reducing environmental pollution, etc. Until now, the general offset printing inks, gravure printing inks, etc. used have different degrees of pollution to the environment.) From this, it can be seen that the promotion of the use of ceramic anilox roller not only can promote the improvement of printing technology, but also can create a good economic and social benefits.
Second, the development trend of ceramic anilox roller
The use and promotion of ceramic anilox rollers started in the middle and late 1980s. Although it was not long, it has shown great vitality and attracted great attention of the world. The following discussion will only focus on a few issues to discuss with peers.
(a) Ceramic anilox rolls will be further used in coating, glazing, and finishing after finishing
At present, most of the anilox rollers for coating and polishing use chrome-plated metal anilox rollers, even if ceramic anilox rollers are used to produce medium-low grid lines. With the advancement of society and the continuous improvement of the quality requirements of printed products, the coating thickness will surely be developed towards thinning and homogenization so as to achieve the purpose of material saving, gloss enhancement and visual effects. Therefore, the high number of ceramic anilox rolls will be further applied in this field.
(B) The high precision and high number of lines will be the development trend of ceramic wire rolls
The modern printing industry is developing toward high quality. The high quality of printed products mainly includes two aspects, one is multi-colorization, and the second is the reproducibility of levels and hue.
Multi-color printing is one of the trends in modern printing. According to statistics, in the world, in the total amount of packaging and printing, the number of printing colors increases by about one color every 10 years. The increase in the number of prints for printing products means that the market demand for medium and high-grade ceramic anilox rolls has doubled.
The reproducibility of print levels and tones is an important performance index to characterize the quality of printed products. With the gradual improvement of the level and tone reproducibility, the number of screens for each color version will increase accordingly. At present, foreign countries have made remarkable research achievements in high-precision printing and provided high-quality printed materials for the society. The so-called high-precision printing generally refers to a printing method in which the number of printing plates of the printing plate is 300 L/in or more (300 L/in is the minimum of high-precision printing, and some of them propose to define 500 L/in as high-precision printing). Now, for lithographic offset printing, the number of printing screen printing lines is even finer at 175~200L/in. For flexographic printing, the number of printing screen printing lines is generally 130~150L/in. Therefore, to meet the demand for high-precision printing, if the number of screen lines of the ceramic anilox roller is steadily increased to 1000 to 1500 L/in, then extremely favorable conditions will be created for improving the quality of printed matter. By then, in the flexographic printing 200~300L/in screen number will become possible. Therefore, in terms of flexo printing, in order to further improve the quality of printed products, we must provide high-precision, high-line ceramic anilox roller.
(III) Adoption of Lithographic Offset Short Ink System
At present, Western Europe accounts for about 40% offset printing, 32% flexo printing, and 18% gravure printing. It is expected that by the year 2005, lithographic offset will account for about 37%, flexo will account for 38%, and gravure will account for about 10%.
In other words, in the packaging and printing, lithographic offset printing is still the main printing method competing with the flexo printing market in the next 5 to 10 years. Therefore, if a short ink line system, ie, an anilox ink transfer system, can be used in lithographic offset printing, then the market for ceramic anilox rolls will fundamentally change.
(a) The application of anilox rollers has created favorable conditions for printing presses using short ink path systems
1. The traditional ink system consists of an ink supply section, a uniform ink section, and an ink application section. For a letterpress printer and a flat offset press, the total number of ink rollers for an inking device is generally about 20, which not only complicates the inking device, but also has many adjustments and is not easy to operate. With the anilox roller inking system, an anilox roller (assisted by a doctor blade) almost replaces all the functions of all the ink rollers of the conventional ink inking system, thereby improving the design level of the inking device.
2. Gravure presses are not necessary or available with anilox rollers.
3. The lithographic offset press adopts the short ink system and has obtained research results. The anilox roll is expected to be popularized and applied.
(b) The anilox roller has a measuring function for ink transfer
1. The traditional ink system has no metering function for the amount of ink transferred and cannot control the amount of ink transferred.
2. The relationship between the number of anilox roller patterns and the printing pressure: In general, the greater the printing pressure, the higher the ink transfer rate, the more ink required, and the corresponding number of screen lines of the anilox roller.
3. The relationship between the number of reticulate lines and the printing speed: Different models, different printing speeds, and the required amount of ink transfer.
For high-speed machines, because the printing speed is higher, the amount of ink transferred is reduced, and the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be increased accordingly; for the low-speed machine, it is correspondingly reduced.
4. The relationship between the performance of the anilox roller and the substrate surface:
For non-absorbent printing materials (such as PE, PP, PET aluminum foil, etc.), due to the need to transfer less ink, the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be increased accordingly; for the absorption of printing materials (such as paper, cardboard, corrugated cardboard, etc.) ) Because of the large amount of ink required for transfer, the number of screen lines of the anilox roller should be reduced accordingly.
The higher the surface smoothness of the substrate, the less the amount of ink needed for transfer, the number of anilox roller lines should be increased accordingly, and vice versa.
5. The relationship between the anilox roller and the thickness and hardness of the plate:
The greater the thickness of the plate, the lower the hardness, the greater the amount of ink needed to be transferred, and the corresponding number of anilox roller screens should be reduced. On the contrary, it should be increased accordingly.
6. The relationship between anilox roller and printing graphic type:
For real one, color printing, due to the need for more ink transfer, the number of anilox roller lines should be reduced accordingly. For fine lines and dot printing, the number of anilox roller lines should increase correspondingly due to less ink transfer.
In short, for different models (printing speed), different printing pressures, plate thickness and hardness, different substrate materials and printing objects, etc., due to the large difference in the required ink transfer amount, it is entirely possible to use reasonable selections. The anilox roller (ie, different number of lines, mesh shape, mesh angle, and ratio of different mesh openings to the mesh wall) meets the basic requirements for different ink transfer amounts to achieve the purpose of quantitatively providing the ink transfer amount.
(C) The use of ceramic anilox roller is the premise to achieve high-speed printing machine
For flexographic printing, high speed printing is not possible without the high abrasion resistant ceramic anilox roll. In general, the use of chrome-plated metal anilox roller, the printing speed is generally about 150m/min, if the printing speed is too high, it will accelerate the wear of the metal anilox roller. Due to the use of ceramic anilox rollers, the general printing speed of current flexographic presses is up to 500 m/min, with a maximum of 800 m/min.
(d) The use of ceramic anilox rolls provides an important guarantee for achieving “green printingâ€
In the modern society, where environmental protection requirements are increasingly strong, the printing industry must vigorously promote the use of pollution-free "green" inks, that is, water-based inks that do not pollute the environment and have no harmful solvents, while ceramic anilox rolls have strong acid resistance because of its The use of ceramic anilox rollers is of great importance for promoting the use of water-based inks, improving the printing environment and reducing environmental pollution, etc. Until now, the general offset printing inks, gravure printing inks, etc. used have different degrees of pollution to the environment.) From this, it can be seen that the promotion of the use of ceramic anilox roller not only can promote the improvement of printing technology, but also can create a good economic and social benefits.
Second, the development trend of ceramic anilox roller
The use and promotion of ceramic anilox rollers started in the middle and late 1980s. Although it was not long, it has shown great vitality and attracted great attention of the world. The following discussion will only focus on a few issues to discuss with peers.
(a) Ceramic anilox rolls will be further used in coating, glazing, and finishing after finishing
At present, most of the anilox rollers for coating and polishing use chrome-plated metal anilox rollers, even if ceramic anilox rollers are used to produce medium-low grid lines. With the advancement of society and the continuous improvement of the quality requirements of printed products, the coating thickness will surely be developed towards thinning and homogenization so as to achieve the purpose of material saving, gloss enhancement and visual effects. Therefore, the high number of ceramic anilox rolls will be further applied in this field.
(B) The high precision and high number of lines will be the development trend of ceramic wire rolls
The modern printing industry is developing toward high quality. The high quality of printed products mainly includes two aspects, one is multi-colorization, and the second is the reproducibility of levels and hue.
Multi-color printing is one of the trends in modern printing. According to statistics, in the world, in the total amount of packaging and printing, the number of printing colors increases by about one color every 10 years. The increase in the number of prints for printing products means that the market demand for medium and high-grade ceramic anilox rolls has doubled.
The reproducibility of print levels and tones is an important performance index to characterize the quality of printed products. With the gradual improvement of the level and tone reproducibility, the number of screens for each color version will increase accordingly. At present, foreign countries have made remarkable research achievements in high-precision printing and provided high-quality printed materials for the society. The so-called high-precision printing generally refers to a printing method in which the number of printing plates of the printing plate is 300 L/in or more (300 L/in is the minimum of high-precision printing, and some of them propose to define 500 L/in as high-precision printing). Now, for lithographic offset printing, the number of printing screen printing lines is even finer at 175~200L/in. For flexographic printing, the number of printing screen printing lines is generally 130~150L/in. Therefore, to meet the demand for high-precision printing, if the number of screen lines of the ceramic anilox roller is steadily increased to 1000 to 1500 L/in, then extremely favorable conditions will be created for improving the quality of printed matter. By then, in the flexographic printing 200~300L/in screen number will become possible. Therefore, in terms of flexo printing, in order to further improve the quality of printed products, we must provide high-precision, high-line ceramic anilox roller.
(III) Adoption of Lithographic Offset Short Ink System
At present, Western Europe accounts for about 40% offset printing, 32% flexo printing, and 18% gravure printing. It is expected that by the year 2005, lithographic offset will account for about 37%, flexo will account for 38%, and gravure will account for about 10%.
In other words, in the packaging and printing, lithographic offset printing is still the main printing method competing with the flexo printing market in the next 5 to 10 years. Therefore, if a short ink line system, ie, an anilox ink transfer system, can be used in lithographic offset printing, then the market for ceramic anilox rolls will fundamentally change.
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