Keywords: transport packaging; corrugated board; VCI
From the manufacturer to the user, the motor has to go through several links. The motor package must be subjected to various loads in the process of transportation, loading, unloading, storage, and other circulation, including static load and power light load, as well as multiple The role and impact of biological and environmental climates. To ensure that the motor does not undergo a variety of operations during transportation, its transport packaging is particularly important.
In combination with the characteristics of the motor itself, there are two factors that are important to its transport packaging design. One is to ensure that the motor is not damaged by the introduction of dynamic loads during circulation, and the other is to withstand environmental weather loads without rust. At present, in many domestic motor transport packaging designs, the outer packaging is still dominated by various types of wood packaging; in addition to the corresponding fastening and buffering, the inner packaging is generally coated with rust-proof grease or desiccant method. Mainly.
China's forest coverage rate is relatively low, and timber resources are scarce. This urges people to constantly look for new types of alternative materials in packaging design. On the other hand, the commonly used coating rust prevention method and desiccant rust prevention method require high operation, and the coating post-treatment process is complicated and pollutes the environment. It is also necessary to improve on the basis of traditional methods. From this we can see that the research on the new transport packaging method for existing motors and similar products has certain significance.
1 Description of Transport Packages 1.1 Packaging Materials and Methods As mentioned above, other materials are used instead of wood packaging in the design of the motor transport packaging. After analysis and selection, we chose high corrugated board to play this role. Because corrugated cardboard itself has excellent mechanical properties, coupled with its easy recovery, no pollution to the environment and other advantages, in recent years, domestic and foreign in a variety of product packaging, such as automotive parts, various electrical appliances have been used in a large number of packaging materials . Therefore, in the design of transportation packaging for small motors, we not only use corrugated paper in the outer packaging, but also use it as a buffer material in the inner packaging.
We know that in addition to the rust-proof grease or desiccant method, there is a VCI method (Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor), which is a vapor phase rust prevention method. Its principle is that a relatively low pressure solid material volatilizes a special gas that can dissolve water, and this gas molecule forms a water blocking layer on the metal surface to prevent rust. This method has been widely used in foreign countries. In the rust-proof packaging design of the motor, a vapor phase rust prevention method was adopted.
1.2 Structure of transport packages We use five-layer corrugated cardboard boxes in the package design of small motor transport packages and place them on wooden pallets. The box size is 810mm x 610mm x 620mm and the tray size is 800mm x 600mm x 140mm (length x width x height).
Three layers of motors are stacked in the box, separated by five layers of corrugated cardboard boxes between the layers. More than 20 small motors per layer are stacked in an accessory grid consisting of 3 layers of corrugated cardboard, each small motor occupying one empty space. The top and bottom of the motor are wrapped by VCI paper, ie vapor-phase rust-proof paper, to form a VCI rust protection space between each motor. The gaps around the layers are filled by the folded corrugated board blocks, so that no displacement within the box occurs during transport.
One fiberboard is placed on the top of the outer packing box, and the outer packing box and the tray are bundled together by two steel belts, and then the entire package is wrapped with a shrink film.
2 Experimental Tests The climate control room was properly adjusted according to the climate simulation conditions. The small motor transport package was then placed in the climate chamber to begin the test.
2.1 The scale of dynamic damage assessment is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Measures the scale of damage
Motor transport packages are exported to foreign countries in accordance with the requirements and conditions of transport. Based on the general transport and loading loads, the combination of vehicle transport and marine transport is considered in the impact and vibration load tests. The transport packages are evaluated through packaging tests and experimental methods. qualified. After testing according to the corresponding standards, it was found that the package surface was not damaged, and its combined structure was basically intact. Opening the packing box can confirm that the motor itself has no obvious appearance damage and can operate normally. Corrugated cardboard cushions act as protection but only undergo some compression deformation. Achieved D2 level, indicating that the use of corrugated cardboard as an external packaging and buffer material method can guarantee the motor transportation against breakage requirements.
2.2 Rust-proof packaging test Here, we mainly examine whether the rustproof packaging measures of the transport package are qualified, whether it can ensure that the motor does not rust during transportation, or there is a small amount of corrosion within the specified error range.
2.2.1 Experimental conditions Taking into account the climate and environmental conditions of the exporting country, according to the mode of transport used and the time required for transport, and in accordance with the corresponding standards, the experimental conditions used are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Climate simulation conditions
As can be seen from Table 1, the relative humidity in this climate simulation experiment condition is relatively high and fixed; the change in temperature simulates the conditions of day and night, that is, there is a constant temperature continuous process, and there is also a corresponding temperature conversion process. . The total time required for a cycle is 12h, and the number of cycles for the entire experiment is 10 times.
2.2.2 Experimental results Record the time of the test until ten cycles are completed. Then remove the package, open the package in a place with good lighting conditions, and perform a detailed inspection of all the motors one by one.
As a result, it was found that most of the metal parts of the motor were protected from corrosion, but only a small amount of small corrosion spots appeared on the surface of the metal sheet of the stator of the individual motor. After statistical records, the number of such cases is:
There are 5 motors in the 20th motor in the first layer (topmost layer), 2 motors in the 24th motor in the 2nd layer, and there are 4 motors in the 3rd layer, that is, the bottom 24 motors. Eleven of the 64 motors in the entire box had tiny pits or marks.
According to the standard requirements, this other pit or trace does not affect the normal operation of the motor, and the amount is very small, and the grade of corrosion is almost close to good. Therefore, it was confirmed that such rustproof packaging measures are qualified for this kind of motor protection.
3 Conclusion In summary, the improved motor transport package can meet the protection requirements for preventing the introduction of dynamic load damage and rust prevention during transportation, whether it is for the transport packaging design of motor manufacturers or similar product manufacturers. All have a certain reference value.
(1) In small-sized motor packages, corrugated boxes can be used instead of traditional wooden boxes as outer packagings, and inner packagings can also be replaced with corrugated board accessories instead of foamed plastics as cushioning materials. If this method can be widely used, it will have a tremendous impact on the conservation of natural resources of wood and the protection of the environment.
(2) VCI rust-proof packaging is a simple and feasible method. Compared with the traditional coating method and desiccant method, this method is simple and easy to use. Unlike traditional methods, it requires less stringent requirements for each procedure, and the overall cost is relatively low. Foreign research and use in this area has reached a very high level, and the scope of application has become wider and wider. Therefore, we believe that this rust-proof packaging technology is worthy of promotion and use in the country. (Xue Yanxue, Xiang Ming) (College of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China) (Packaging Engineering, Issue 5, 2001)
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