The news and publishing industry is a new economic growth point in the world today, and its position and role in the comprehensive national strength competition are increasingly prominent.
According to the statistical results of the National Bureau of Statistics, the profit rate of publishers has been consistently ranked among the top 5 profit margins in various industries across the country since the 1990s. During the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of China's publishing system's profits was approximately 11.5%; during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, it was approximately 28.4%. In 2002, China’s six publishing industries, namely books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-video, electronics, and Internet, and distribution, printing, and optical disc replication, continued to enjoy strong growth momentum. According to preliminary statistics, in 2002, the whole system achieved a total sales revenue of 72.68 billion yuan and a profit of 4.93 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% and 6.5% respectively year-on-year.
However, relative to the speed of development of the developed countries in the West, the overall scale, and the contribution to the national economy, the proportion of China's publishing industry in the national economy is still relatively small. At the National Bureau of Press and Publication held in January this year, delegates planned to brewing: how to achieve new development and advance toward a powerful press and publishing country?
Deepening the focus of reform: structural adjustment and institutional reform At present, the major issues that restrict the development of the press and publishing industry are similar to other industries, namely, structural obstacles and institutional malpractices. From the perspective of industrial structure, the problem of a single organizational form and a low level of industrial concentration is more prominent; from the perspective of product structure, it relies heavily on textbooks, low level of duplication, innovative products, and products with independent brands, so that the publishing industry can be sustainable. The foundation of development is relatively fragile; from the perspective of regional structure, the balanced layout and homomorphism lead to regional blockade and low level of duplication; from the perspective of market structure, the market competition subject is not perfect, the market operating rules are not perfect, and the market competition is caused by monopoly operations. Inadequacy, inequality, and other issues have seriously hampered the development and maturity of the publications market.
Shi Zongyuan, director of the General Administration of Press and Publication, said: "Structural adjustments and structural reforms are still the focal points for the deepening reform of the press and publishing industry in the coming period."
Three specific measures were adopted to develop the "Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of News, Publication, Broadcasting, Film and TV Industry" forwarded by the China Affairs Office and the State Council in 2001, marking that the reform of the press and publication has moved from the pilot phase to the overall promotion phase. Concrete measures for the reform of the press and publication industry have gradually become clear:
——Exploring new ways for the enterprise management of news publishing institutions.
The reformed conglomerate organization is the vanguard of a good demonstration role in the news publishing industry. In the process of promoting group-building, the most pressing issue is how to resolve the group's legal person status and the authorized operation of state-owned assets. Currently, of the 55 publishing, publishing, printing, and periodical groups, only individual groups such as Liaoning Publishing Group have obtained asset authorization through alternative methods, and most groups such as Shandong Publishing Group have still not obtained a clear market body status. Blurred business status.
The legal person system is not established, or the legal person’s rights and interests are not guaranteed, which results in the formation of a subordinate administrative affiliation relationship between some news publishing units and supervisors and sponsors. This is a situation in which many press and publication units in China are difficult to become stronger and bigger. important reason.
Hou Yuqi, president of Zhejiang Publishing Union Group, said: "We should create a true, market-oriented entity with a complete and independent body instead of artificially pinching down a few publishers into a group." Hou Yuqi's words reflect the current publisher's consensus.
——This year and next year basically completed the reform of the joint stock system of the issuer group and Xinhua Bookstore.
The joint-stock reform of the issuer group and Xinhua Bookstore aims to drive the great development of the publishing industry with in-depth reforms in the circulation field, and strive to form a pattern in which the state-owned distribution channels are dominant, privately-owned and individual-issued enterprises, and foreign service providers participate in the orderly development of competition. . Xinhua Bookstore should learn from Wal-Mart's successful experience and deepen reforms in accordance with the requirements of centralized distribution, modern logistics, supermarket chains, information management, and full competition.
Wang Qing, general manager of Sichuan Xinhua Bookstore Group, said: “In recent years, Xinhua Bookstore has been in a chaotic, busy and difficult state. Now that the issuing group develops chain operations and implements unified purchases, it can be said that it is a revolution in the field of publication distribution. At the same time, he believes that at present, the lack of technical platform support and information standardization construction has made cross-regional chain management more difficult, and unified logistics, information flow, and business flow have not yet formed.
——Change in press and publication management.
In the past, the management methods used by press and publication management departments have not been adapted to the current situation and new management methods have yet to be explored. The current situation is "the old method will not work, the new method will not be used." In this regard, Shi Zongyuan said: "For the changes in the management system and management methods, there must be a period of application, but the application period must do its utmost to shorten."
The Press and Publication Directors' Meeting invited the chief persons in charge of 55 publishing, publishing, printing, and periodical groups as well as the general managers of private enterprises such as Dangdang Online Bookstore and Xishu Bookstore. "This reflects the change in the functions of the General Administration of Press and Publication and will certainly bring about a material change in the future." Du Fusheng, president of the People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, made this assessment.
With regard to the transformation of government functions, Wang Zhigang, president of the Electronic Industry Press, said: "The state of the government should be the smallest and the government the largest."
The meeting called for the press and publication administrative departments at all levels to shift their focus to the supervision of news publishing activities and the market for publications. To truly separate the government, enterprises, and government affairs, it must be controlled and should not be ignored. Those who insist on separation of management and management and engage in management cannot continue to engage in operations. They cannot engage in management when they engage in operations.
In addition, improving book number management methods, increasing market supervision, administering according to law, adjusting the structure of newspapers and magazines, rectifying the use of administrative power to distribute newspapers, and reforming the publication and distribution system for primary and secondary school textbooks are also issues that need urgent solution.
In response to the above problems, Deputy Director-General Liu Binjie of the General Administration of Press and Publication stated: "The press and publishing industry must persist in using reforms to solve various problems in development, and devote itself to development, to making efforts to become bigger and stronger, and to achieve it in a down-to-earth manner. Leap-forward development goals."
According to the statistical results of the National Bureau of Statistics, the profit rate of publishers has been consistently ranked among the top 5 profit margins in various industries across the country since the 1990s. During the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of China's publishing system's profits was approximately 11.5%; during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, it was approximately 28.4%. In 2002, China’s six publishing industries, namely books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-video, electronics, and Internet, and distribution, printing, and optical disc replication, continued to enjoy strong growth momentum. According to preliminary statistics, in 2002, the whole system achieved a total sales revenue of 72.68 billion yuan and a profit of 4.93 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% and 6.5% respectively year-on-year.
However, relative to the speed of development of the developed countries in the West, the overall scale, and the contribution to the national economy, the proportion of China's publishing industry in the national economy is still relatively small. At the National Bureau of Press and Publication held in January this year, delegates planned to brewing: how to achieve new development and advance toward a powerful press and publishing country?
Deepening the focus of reform: structural adjustment and institutional reform At present, the major issues that restrict the development of the press and publishing industry are similar to other industries, namely, structural obstacles and institutional malpractices. From the perspective of industrial structure, the problem of a single organizational form and a low level of industrial concentration is more prominent; from the perspective of product structure, it relies heavily on textbooks, low level of duplication, innovative products, and products with independent brands, so that the publishing industry can be sustainable. The foundation of development is relatively fragile; from the perspective of regional structure, the balanced layout and homomorphism lead to regional blockade and low level of duplication; from the perspective of market structure, the market competition subject is not perfect, the market operating rules are not perfect, and the market competition is caused by monopoly operations. Inadequacy, inequality, and other issues have seriously hampered the development and maturity of the publications market.
Shi Zongyuan, director of the General Administration of Press and Publication, said: "Structural adjustments and structural reforms are still the focal points for the deepening reform of the press and publishing industry in the coming period."
Three specific measures were adopted to develop the "Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of News, Publication, Broadcasting, Film and TV Industry" forwarded by the China Affairs Office and the State Council in 2001, marking that the reform of the press and publication has moved from the pilot phase to the overall promotion phase. Concrete measures for the reform of the press and publication industry have gradually become clear:
——Exploring new ways for the enterprise management of news publishing institutions.
The reformed conglomerate organization is the vanguard of a good demonstration role in the news publishing industry. In the process of promoting group-building, the most pressing issue is how to resolve the group's legal person status and the authorized operation of state-owned assets. Currently, of the 55 publishing, publishing, printing, and periodical groups, only individual groups such as Liaoning Publishing Group have obtained asset authorization through alternative methods, and most groups such as Shandong Publishing Group have still not obtained a clear market body status. Blurred business status.
The legal person system is not established, or the legal person’s rights and interests are not guaranteed, which results in the formation of a subordinate administrative affiliation relationship between some news publishing units and supervisors and sponsors. This is a situation in which many press and publication units in China are difficult to become stronger and bigger. important reason.
Hou Yuqi, president of Zhejiang Publishing Union Group, said: "We should create a true, market-oriented entity with a complete and independent body instead of artificially pinching down a few publishers into a group." Hou Yuqi's words reflect the current publisher's consensus.
——This year and next year basically completed the reform of the joint stock system of the issuer group and Xinhua Bookstore.
The joint-stock reform of the issuer group and Xinhua Bookstore aims to drive the great development of the publishing industry with in-depth reforms in the circulation field, and strive to form a pattern in which the state-owned distribution channels are dominant, privately-owned and individual-issued enterprises, and foreign service providers participate in the orderly development of competition. . Xinhua Bookstore should learn from Wal-Mart's successful experience and deepen reforms in accordance with the requirements of centralized distribution, modern logistics, supermarket chains, information management, and full competition.
Wang Qing, general manager of Sichuan Xinhua Bookstore Group, said: “In recent years, Xinhua Bookstore has been in a chaotic, busy and difficult state. Now that the issuing group develops chain operations and implements unified purchases, it can be said that it is a revolution in the field of publication distribution. At the same time, he believes that at present, the lack of technical platform support and information standardization construction has made cross-regional chain management more difficult, and unified logistics, information flow, and business flow have not yet formed.
——Change in press and publication management.
In the past, the management methods used by press and publication management departments have not been adapted to the current situation and new management methods have yet to be explored. The current situation is "the old method will not work, the new method will not be used." In this regard, Shi Zongyuan said: "For the changes in the management system and management methods, there must be a period of application, but the application period must do its utmost to shorten."
The Press and Publication Directors' Meeting invited the chief persons in charge of 55 publishing, publishing, printing, and periodical groups as well as the general managers of private enterprises such as Dangdang Online Bookstore and Xishu Bookstore. "This reflects the change in the functions of the General Administration of Press and Publication and will certainly bring about a material change in the future." Du Fusheng, president of the People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, made this assessment.
With regard to the transformation of government functions, Wang Zhigang, president of the Electronic Industry Press, said: "The state of the government should be the smallest and the government the largest."
The meeting called for the press and publication administrative departments at all levels to shift their focus to the supervision of news publishing activities and the market for publications. To truly separate the government, enterprises, and government affairs, it must be controlled and should not be ignored. Those who insist on separation of management and management and engage in management cannot continue to engage in operations. They cannot engage in management when they engage in operations.
In addition, improving book number management methods, increasing market supervision, administering according to law, adjusting the structure of newspapers and magazines, rectifying the use of administrative power to distribute newspapers, and reforming the publication and distribution system for primary and secondary school textbooks are also issues that need urgent solution.
In response to the above problems, Deputy Director-General Liu Binjie of the General Administration of Press and Publication stated: "The press and publishing industry must persist in using reforms to solve various problems in development, and devote itself to development, to making efforts to become bigger and stronger, and to achieve it in a down-to-earth manner. Leap-forward development goals."
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