1. The commonly used colorants for ceramic decoration are mainly inorganic oxides, such as:
White-Magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, aluminum oxide, calcium borate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, arsenic acid, antimony oxide, cerium compound, metallic silver, etc.
Grey-soluble salts of platinum, iridium, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, osmium, antimony ash and iridium trioxide.
Ink color-a mixture of iron oxide, chromium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, etc., pyrolusite, iridium trioxide, etc.
Yellow-titanium oxide, rutile, barium stannate, chromic acid, lead chromate, cadmium sulfide, gold sulfide, metal gold, etc.
Orange-rutile, iron titanate, basic lead chromate, chromite, uranium yellow, cadmium sulfide, etc.
Second, the method of ceramic decoration
Ceramic decoration can adopt several methods such as coloring of raw mud, coloring of glaze, coloring under glaze and coloring on glaze. Colorants are divided into:
Billet mud coloring agent: mixing the coloring material in the bad material and sintering and forming. Therefore, it is required that this type of colorant can not react to the processing of the blank;
Glaze coloring agent: used to decorate dry blanks, plain fired blanks or fired white porcelain, apply glaze on them and then fire them. It is required that it should not react with glaze at normal firing temperature, and at the same time must not flow or blur the pattern;
On-glaze coloring agent: used to decorate the surface decoration of glazed fired products. It is required to be firmly attached to the glazed surface at a relatively low firing temperature (700 ~ 900 ℃), and cannot penetrate into the glaze and flow.
3. Raw material composition of ceramic glaze
The raw material of enamel contains alkaline, acid and neutral components. The alkaline component is a flux, such as alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, zinc oxide, and most colored oxides or chromophores; the neutral component is an amphoteric oxide, the main body is alumina, and sometimes iron oxide and manganese oxide are also listed Into this component; the representative oxides in the acidic component are silicon oxide, phosphoric acid, zirconium oxide, etc.
Fourth, the purpose of ceramic glazing
1) Make the green body impermeable to liquid and gas
2) Cover the defects on the surface of the blank and play a role of covering; improve the smoothness of the surface of the product, so as to facilitate the surface finishing, and also improve the strength and aesthetics of the utensil.
3) To prevent the green body from staining, it is easy to wash even if it is stained after applying the glaze.
4) It interacts with the green body to make the glaze and the green tire as a whole.
5. Indirect ceramic decoration process
The indirect ceramic decoration process is divided into two major processes: ceramic on-glaze decals and ceramic under-glaze decals.
6. The indirect method (printing method) for making ceramic decals
There are three printing methods for making ceramic decals, namely hand-carved copper gravure gravure ceramic decals, offset printing large-film decals and screen-printing film decals.
7. Raw material composition of ceramic green body
The raw materials for ceramic body mainly include feldspar, quartz and kaolin.
8. Decal paper on ceramic glaze is divided into categories according to the decal process
The decals on ceramic glaze can be divided into transfer decals and transfer decals according to different decals.
Nine, how to deal with the organic binder used in decoration, when baking flowers
Some organic adhesives are needed for ceramic decoration by decals, hand-painting, screen printing, etc. These adhesives should be gradually volatilized or burned during the initial period of color burning, and must be completely eliminated before the initial melting of the flux.
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