BEIJING, May 31 (Reporter Zhang Ni) Today is the World No Tobacco Day, and the implementation of the "Beijing Control of Smoking Regulations", known as "the most stringent tobacco control in history", will also be completed for the second anniversary.
Although the Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey released by the Beijing CDC showed that the number of adult smokers in Beijing decreased by 200,000 compared with 2014. However, for many people, the problem of exposure to second-hand smoke still exists in public toilets, corridors, restaurants, etc. How to supervise has become a problem.
Data Map: A no-smoking publicity announcement posted at the entrance to an office building. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuo photo [status]
- smog in the office
"There are smokers in my family, but now I find that the place most affected by secondhand smoke is not the home, but the office." Zhou Li, who lives in Daxing District, Beijing, told the reporter.
Because Zhou Li’s work in the unit is quite special, she is one of the few women in the unit. Among the male colleagues around her, the smoking population accounts for the vast majority, which also leads Zhou Li’s office to be surrounded by smoke every day. .
"A lot of male colleagues don't take the issue of smoking seriously. When they see people around they are smoking, they won't go outside to smoke. They often smoke at the office." Zhou Li said.
Although I know the harm of secondhand smoke, Zhou Li rarely asks the other party to kill the smoke. "It is different from the family. There are colleagues in the unit. Some of them are much older than me. I am sorry to say that even Occasionally protesting, many big male colleagues just smiled."
Zhou Li said that at this time she would choose to be patient, and when she couldn't stand it, she would go out and breathe.
Data map: A restaurant in Beijing, a man smokes under the "no smoking" sign. Zhongxin.com Qiu Yu photo - restaurant can't stop smoking at the dinner table
Ms. Cheng, who lives in Xicheng District, Beijing, is the mother of a three-year-old child. From pregnancy, she is particularly sensitive to the second-hand smoke around her. She avoids smoking people as much as possible, but in some public places, it is still difficult to avoid.
"After the implementation of the Tobacco Control Regulations, smoking in public places such as hospitals and airports is rarely seen, but the most troublesome thing is to go to some restaurants." Ms. Chen said, especially at night, taking children to eat, sometimes Will encounter someone smoking at the neighboring table.
"In general, I will not talk to each other, but ask the waiter to remind me." Ms. Cheng said that in most cases, the other party will extinguish the smoke, but some people will not listen to the dissuasion and continue to pump, or not long after the extinction Start pumping again.
"This situation is more helpless, because the waiter can only do discouragement, and can not let the waiter drive the guests out. In this case, the person can only take the child to eat and leave," said Ms. Cheng.
Data Sheet: Announcement of smoking bans posted by Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuoshe - the bathroom is treated as a "smoking room"
“The place where I smoke the most used second-hand smoke may be in the restroom of the unit.†Zhao Lan, a white-collar worker working in a state-owned enterprise in Beijing, told reporters that the toilets of his unit, especially the men’s restrooms, have been regarded as “smoking rooms†all the year round. Every time I go, I can smell the strong smell of smoke.
“The male colleague of the unit often goes to the bathroom to smoke together. Sometimes the smell of smoke is too big. Even if the smell of the door is closed, it will run outside, even in the office. It is even worse when the window is not open in winter.†Zhao He said that for non-smokers, it is very painful to endure such a taste every day. Many pregnant women in the unit have quite a lot of opinions on this.
But in her opinion, it is very difficult to completely ban smoking in the office building. "Because the floor is very high, many people are unwilling and have no time to take the elevator downstairs in order to smoke a cigarette. The time cost is too high. In addition, no one will force the smoking in the restroom."
Data Map: A non-smoking publicity announcement on the Beijing Bulletin Board. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuoshe - public corridor into a "smoking area"
For Feng Luqing, a retired employee living in Haidian District, Beijing, in recent years, his second-hand smoke troubles mainly came from the public corridors of his own residential buildings.
Feng Luqing said that many people in these years have realized the dangers of smoking to health. Some smokers do not smoke at home, but they have turned public corridors into "smoking areas."
"Someone often smokes in the corridor. From time to time, the cigarette butts can be seen on the ground. Our door is facing the corridor. Every time I want to open the door, there will be a strong smell of smoke into the house." Feng Luqing told reporters.
In order to solve this problem, Feng Luqing and the neighborhood committee have repeatedly reflected, but the neighborhood committee can only do the warning words "no smoking" in the corridor, the role is not great. Since then, he has also reported the problem through the tobacco control report phone, but after the staff came over to understand the situation, because they did not see the smokers personally, they finally communicated with the neighborhood committee, emphasizing the need to strengthen management.
“It is impossible for a staff member to stay here 24 hours a day. If there is no one who sees smoking, there is no way to impose penalties.†Feng Luqing said that although the regulations are very strict, it is still difficult to control in actual operation, and tobacco control must be improved by everyone. Self-cultivation and quality, while recognizing the impact of smoking on yourself and others.
Data Map: A non-smoking announcement in an entertainment venue, the new network reporter Jin Shuo photo [question]
——What is the hazard of secondhand smoke?
As early as 2012, the former Ministry of Health issued the "China's Smoking Hazard Health Report" pointed out that tobacco smoke contains 69 known carcinogens, these carcinogens will trigger key gene mutations in the body, and the normal growth control mechanism is out of tune. Eventually lead to the occurrence of cell carcinogenesis and malignant tumors.
The "Report" also believes that second-hand smoke contains a lot of harmful substances and carcinogens. Non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke will also increase the risk of various smoking-related diseases.
In addition, second-hand smoke exposure does not have a so-called safety level, even if exposed to second-hand smoke for a short time, it will cause harm to human health. In an indoor environment, whether it is equipped with exhaust fans, air conditioners or other devices, non-smokers cannot be harmed by second-hand smoke. The only way to effectively prevent non-smokers from being exposed to second-hand smoke is to completely ban smoking in indoor environments.
“Second-hand smoke contains carcinogens and smoke is formed in indoor spaces, so exposure to second-hand smoke in indoor public places is more harmful.†Wu Yiqun, deputy director of the New Exploration Health Development Research Center, explained in an interview with Zhongxin.com. A hair with a diameter of 50 microns, the particle size of tobacco smoke is only one percent of the diameter of the hair. The smaller the particles, the easier it is to break through the alveoli, and the greater the impact on human health.
She analyzed that the tiny particles of second-hand smoke will be adsorbed on people's clothing, carpets, curtains and other items. Even if the smoker leaves, these substances are still there, which forms a "three-handed smoke." These particles are invisible to the naked eye, but they continue to react with many compounds in the air, producing substances that are harmful to humans.
“These particles stay for a long time, not open window ventilation, and the superposition of soot and smog will have a greater impact.†Wu Yiqun warned.
Data Map: A non-smoking sign was posted in a prominent location in a shopping mall in Shanghai. China News Agency reporter Zhang Hengwei photo [sound]
——Experts: Introduce the national level tobacco control regulations as soon as possible
At present, many cities including Beijing and Shanghai have issued local tobacco control regulations, but the national level tobacco control legislation is still in progress.
Prior to November 2014, the National Health and Family Planning Commission drafted the “Regulations on the Control of Smoking in Public Places (Draft for Review)†and publicly solicited opinions from the public. According to the review, smoking is prohibited in all indoor public places. However, the "Regulations" have not yet been formally introduced.
“The method of preventing second-hand smoke is very simple, that is, to avoid providing places to absorb second-hand smoke, including families and public places.†Xu Guihua, senior consultant of China Association for Controlling Smoking, stressed in an interview with Zhongxin.com that there are already many cities in the country. The Tobacco Control Regulations were issued, and she called for the advancement of the legislative process on tobacco control regulations at the national level as soon as possible.
A reporter from the China Association of Controlled Smoking, Hu Da, said that whether it is active smoking or passive smoking, its harm mechanism is the same. The biggest difference is that people who smoke not only harm themselves but also harm others. Health rights.
"This is actually an uncivilized lifestyle. In addition to rigid regulations, it is more important to lead the transformation of social customs." Hu Dayi said. (At the request of the respondent, some characters in the text are pseudonyms) (End)
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