The importance of climbing stoves for a climber cannot be ignored. First of all, talk about fuel:
1. Fuel
The fuel of stoves can be divided into three major categories based on chemical composition:
A: Liquid bear gas: including methane, ethane, propane, butane, and so on.
B: Fuel oil: Including White Gasoline, Coleman Fuel, Unleaded Gasoline, Kerosense...
C: Alcohol: Alcohols.
2. Stoves
Stoves are one of the tools for climbers to make a living. However, there are a variety of stoves on the market. What kinds of stoves are suitable for you? Here are some of the most commonly used or used labels of ordinary climbers. However, I do not guarantee that I can buy it. It is only for reference. I first talked about the gas stove.
3. Gas stove
Gas stoves are the most convenient and the most easily operated stove among all kinds of stoves. In general, there are the following, but some gas stoves use mutually incompatible gas tanks, so they also introduce gas tanks:
A
B: PRIMUS (Made in Sweden): The gas cans are divided into two types depending on the weight, but there are some PRIMUS old stoves that use a hole-opening gas can, and use the same gas cans as the old ones of the CAMPING GAZ. The color of the gas tank, the large gas tank is yellow, and the small gas tank is iron gray.
C: CAMPING GAZ (legal): There are two types of gas-based functions (1) for high mountains and (2) flat land, each with two weights. In addition, there are old stoves that use holes in gas cans, regardless of old or new types. The color of the gas tank is blue.
D: ALPS (Korean): A kind of gas tank. The color of the gas tank is blue.
E.MARKILL (Germany): No imported brand gas.
F.MSR REPID FIRE (US): No import of this brand gas.
G.COLEMAN (U.S.): A type of gas canister with an iron grey color.
For those who purchase stoves for the first time, I recommend purchasing gas stoves because they can be used as personal stoves, emergency stoves that can be used as a group, and most importantly, they are also easier to use and maintain. In terms of brand selection, PI is the best, PRIMUS is second, COLEMAN is again, and CAMPINGGAZ is the last choice. Gas stoves are more convenient to use, but they are much more expensive to fuel than gasification furnaces.
4. Vaporization furnace
The gas stove was introduced earlier. Although it is convenient, it is more fuel efficient. If, after the experience of your mountain climbing is more mature and rich, I suggest you use a gasifier to save money, and secondly, to increase your capacity for mountaineering equipment.
COLMAN PEAK-1
MSR (US): Common model XGK-2, INTERNATIONAL WHISPERLITE-600. This brand is the most common two.
OPTIMUS (made in Sweden): The common one is 123.8R.111.00. This brand is the most common of the three.
PHOEBUS (made in Austria): 725.625.
747 (Taiwan): Counterfeit 725.
HIPOLITO (made in Portugal): Similar to the 00 oven.
Korean system: mostly kerosene stoves.
Continental system: mostly kerosene stoves.
In accordance with the principle of vaporization of the gasification furnace, I personally simplified its structure and roughly divided it into three major systems:
Cold type: The most important feature is that the fuel in the furnace body is pressurized and vaporized. In terms of design, it is a relatively advanced practice. When it is burned, it will not explode due to excessive pressure, and the fuel temperature in the pressurized bottle Will not rise, so the main body of the stove is the lower temperature. However, heat conduction is inevitable and it is still hot, but it is not too hot.
Heat type: The use of fuel to sublimate heat, generate pressure, vaporize the fuel (a bit like the siphon principle). The design is of an early design and the principle is simple. However, there is a danger of over pressure and explosion. However, the hearsay of the explosion is rarely heard. The only drawback is that the fuel humidity in the pressurized bottle will continue to rise until the hot point is reached. .
Cold thermal mixing: Combining the above two principles, this type of design usually has the same characteristics. The oil bottle is too large and needs to be pressurized. Otherwise, the fire is not strong and the furnace is hot.
Common steps for proper use of MSR and PEAK-1:
1.MSR use steps:
Inject oil to oil bottle full oil line, about 7-8 minutes full;
Screw the seal to the oil bottle, but do not rotate too tight. Inflate the gas 3-7 first and check if there is any oil leakage in the motion pump.
Open the foot of the furnace and connect the seal with the oil bottle. Remember to install a flame reflector;
Check again for any oil leakage at all O-Rings. Unscrew the oil valve so that the stained oil flows to the preheated pan, about 1/2 full flow, then close. (Note: There must be no spillage. If there is an overflow, it is temporarily not Can be ignited, please go to it, or other spilled oil to evaporate, re-ignite;
Ignition warm up
After the flame in the preheating plate is extinguished, it is ignited above the stove;
If the pressure in the oil bottle is too low, pump 10-20 times if necessary;
Put a pot and wind the windshield to use it.
2. Steps for using PEAR-1:
Open the stand of the stove and place it on the floor;
First add about eight full minutes of oil;
Lock the oil cap;
Open the seal and open the hand, press the air intake, and inflate about 25 times.
Open the oil valve and ignite;
Put a pot and wind the windshield to use it.
Troubleshooting:
When it comes to troubleshooting, the first thing to understand is the construction of the stove. The following are MSR and PEAK-1:
MSR: MSR is now referred to as the "Intemational Whisperlite 600UA" is not XGK-2. Most of the former are used, so the emphasis is on the former. The most common failures can be explored from two major parts: First, Feng Pu, and second, the stove itself. Let us discuss one by one:
The problem that Feng Pu himself encountered: When Feng Pu encountered an unsatisfactory air pressure, for example, when the fuel bottle was pumped without pressure, the cause might be the wear of the leather cup and it must be updated; the other case was a leather bowl. Not enough lubrication, need to add needle car oil lubrication. For example, if the problem persists, the final processing method would have to remove all the sealed Pu line pieces, and clean them all with clean oil until they are clean and then assemble them back; however, remember the order of parts. Do not leave out when assembling. Another more serious problem is the leakage of oil in Fengpu. There are four places where oil leakage can occur in Fengpu:
A oil bottle and sealing seam O-Ring;
O-Ring outside the convergence between B and Pu.
C-valve and seal along the chain -Ring;
D. Incorporating the intake valve (ball) fault in the pump, where the first three faults are replaced with rubber gaskets, the problem can be eliminated immediately. The fourth problem is the need to replace the iron and fluorine balls and springs; however, the fault The rate is not too great.
Furnace problems:
The common failure of the furnace is that the tubing is not fluent or the nozzle is blocked. The way to deal with it is through the oil pipe or through the nozzle. It can be discussed from two aspects: one is the internal blockage of the tubing, and the other is the nozzle blockage. The first type of failure is handled; if the oil pipe blockage is not serious, the oil line can be drawn back and forth so that the carbon deposit of the oil line will fall off automatically due to friction with the inner wall of the oil pipe; if it cannot be eliminated, They had to pull out the oil line and insert it with clean paper or cloth; if it still had serious carbon deposits, the firepower was still not strong when it was assembled back; the last method had to be used to pull out the oil line and use a small fire (preferably It is using a gas burner to burn the carbon on the oil line. When you put it back, use a cassette gas stove to spray on the inner wall of the oil pipe to accelerate the carbon deposit on the inner wall of the oil pipe. Finally, put the oil line back and you're done. If the problem still cannot be ruled out, we must replace the new tubing or send the company to repair. The carbon deposit of the nozzle can be cleared by the use of a pin, and the new type of stove is now equipped with an automatic pin, so long as it is shaken up and down, it can be removed. In addition, there are still many glitches, such as small flames, red fire on the flames, etc. The order of repairs is still examined according to the above method. If the firepower is too small, the possible cause is partial blockage of the oil, which can be solved by clearing the manifold or nozzle. If not, there may be no oil in the oil bottle, or the pressure in the oil bottle is not enough or even leaks. The treatment method is:
A fuel tank to eight minutes full;
B pressurization
C check all O-Ring;
D Ignition, be sure to note that when the oil leaks, it cannot be ignited. Otherwise, it will cause a fire.
In order to take advantage of the fire-fighting method, to adjust the sub-flame disk or replace the nozzle, it is also possible to add the wrong fuel factor, or the oil-gas mixture ratio is not correct, and the method of treatment can be overhauled or sent to the company for maintenance. If there is oil leakage at the seam of the tubing, the tubing needs to be replaced. There is no other way.
PEAK-1: stoves produced by American companies, the company's production of stoves, functions and methods of use are similar, except for the APEX-2 one, is more special, other models of the structure is roughly similar; now with PEAK -1 400 for maintenance discussion, PEAK-1R failure, roughly divided into two major parts, internal and external:
Internal: Inflated and sealed. There are several possible causes of failure:
A pump leather bowl wear, or is not enough lubrication, processing methods to update the bowl or add lubricants, the problem can be solved;
B. Solid and sealed plastic steel cover is melted. The method of treatment needs to replace the new leather bowl.
C Fengpu oil spill must be sent to the company for repair. Pipeline obstruction, treatment method to extract the oil line in the tubing (Note: Be careful, so as not to break), and then use a fine sandpaper to rub the carbon clean, and then assembled back; if the obstruction is too serious, had no choice but to change the root.
When you ignite the stove, when you ignite, there is only sound of gas, no volatile oil and gas, and the stove cannot be ignited due to the use of the right. This is due to the unequal ratio of oil and gas pressure inside the furnace, resulting in air in the tubing, no fuel, and treatment methods. Unscrew the oil valve from the stove and replace the oil suction tube that is screwed under the oil valve. (This kind of failure is less likely unless you are sure of the correct dismantling. If not, please hand it over to the company.)
Oil valve failure, send factory maintenance.
external:
1. The foot of the stove is broken and replaced;
2. The cover leaks and replace the rubber pad inside.
3. The special situation: The special situation mentioned here is the most serious one is the burning stove. How to deal with it? The most important thing is not to panic, first look at the side with or without tools to help you extinguish the fire, but remember that you can not use it, do not put out, it is best covered with a damp cloth, if it is PEAK-1 fire, with its own aluminum cylinder or iron cylinder Cover it, if it is MSR cover it with a cloth, do not throw it on the floor, this will only cause longer burning, or even the risk of explosion.
4. Making repair kits: Why repair kits are for your convenience, when the stoves are not normal, emergency repair tools. MSR repair kit, including: 1, wrench 2, O-ring (three) 3, leather cup 4, needle 5, lubricant PEAK-1 repair kit, including: 1, wrench 2, sandpaper 3, Lubricant 4, leather bowl
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