Before the sailing principle of the science sailboat, we first understand the power source of the sailboat:
Most people often have a misconception about sailing: They think that sailing is driven by the wind.
In fact, the biggest source of power for sailboats is the so-called Bernoulli effect, which means that when the air flows over a curved surface like a wing, it will have a forward-looking attraction, as shown in the figure below.
As a result, it is possible for a sailing boat to head toward the wind in a certain direction. When sailing in the wind, when the Bernoulli effect is small, the ship can't reach the maximum speed.
Many beginners are amazed at the sailboat's ability to ride in the wind. In fact, wind has two main effects on sails.
An effect can be called "pull" or more appropriate "suck"
When sailing, the sails are curved like wings. When the wind passes over both sides of the arc (wind face) and the string (wind face) of the curved sail surface, there is a pulling force (or suction) on the sail surface. Since the central board or keel can offset the force of the wind to the positive side of the sailboat, the remaining forward force is the driving force for the sailboat to be able to move forward with a relative windward angle.
Another effect is called "pushing."
As the sailboat sails downwind, the swelled sails obstruct the flow of wind and the wind “pushes†the sailboat forward.
The kinetic energy of the sailboat is provided by the wind, so changing the relative relationship between the wind and the sail changes the operating state of the sailboat.
In general, when the wind smoothly flows smoothly from the windward side and the leeward side of the sail, the sailboat can get the most power. Failing to maintain this state, the sailboat will lose power and slow down.
In order to get the maximum power, the crew and the helmsman need to keep the sail and the wind at the best angle. There are two ways to choose from:
1. Adjust the angle between the sail and the wind direction (windward angle) with the sailboat rigging.
2. Adjust the angle between sail and wind direction (windward angle) with sailing direction.
The telltale can be used to show the air flow on the sail surface.
Air lines can be made of any lightweight material and are usually placed in one-third of the front sail, half height of the mainsail, or the rear of the mainsail.
The airflow line is very important, but the airman and the helmsman should always pay attention to observing the changes in wind direction, wind power, hydrology, and other sailing vessels around the sailboat.
1. When the airflow line on the sail surface is relaxed and the airflow line on the sail surface is smooth, the angle at which the main sail opens to the outside of the ship is too large.
2. When the airflow line on the sail surface is smooth, and the airflow line on the sail surface is slack, it indicates that the angle of the main sailboat to the vessel is too large.
3. When the airflow lines on the windward surface and the leeward surface are running smoothly, the sail is in a good working condition.
It takes more than just courage and enthusiasm for navigation, but more importantly, a smart brain. If a worker wants to do good, he must first sharpen his tools. Having a thorough understanding of the sailboat can make the sea more fun!
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