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Regarding "Wang Xingren" and "Iridium Man" which is smarter, it is inconclusive as to attract cats and dogs. Recently, a study published in the journal Neuroanatomy gave the answer. After counting the number of cerebral cortical neurons in some predators, including dogs and cats, the researchers found that dogs have more neurons than cats.
Dogs have more neurons than cats
Usually, the number and structure of neurons in the cerebral cortex determine the level of intelligence. Suzana Herculano-Houzel, associate professor of psychology and biological sciences, said, "In this study, we compared different types of carnivores to see the number of neurons in the brain and the size of the brain. Some of the people's favorite species, Cats and dogs, lions and brown bears."
Carnivores are chosen because of their diversity and "brain." The researchers analyzed eight carnivores such as ferrets, mongooses, raccoons, cats, dogs, coyotes, lions, and brown bears, and observed 1-2 brain specimens from each animal.
Professor Herculano-Houzel developed a method for accurately measuring the number of neurons in the brain. They found that for dogs and cats, there are about 530 million cerebral cortical neurons in dogs, and about 250 million cats (16 billion in human brain).
According to Professor Herculano – houzel, the absolute number of neurons possessed by animals, especially in the cerebral cortex, determines the richness of their inner mental state and their ability to predict what is going to happen in their environment based on past experience.
Herculano – houzel is a dog-loving person, and the study found that her means that dogs have more complex and flexible living abilities than cats. Now discuss cats and dogs who are smarter and have a biological basis.
Brain diversity
According to common sense, the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex of predators should be greater than the number of herbivores to be preyed, because hunting is more demanding. However, this has not been the case. The researchers found that the proportion of neurons and brain in small and medium-sized carnivores is similar to that of herbivores. This suggests that herbivores have also evolved brain power to escape the pressure of carnivores and prevent carnivores from catching up with them.
In fact, for the largest carnivore, the ratio of neurons to brain is lower. They found that a golden-haired brain has more neurons than a hyena, a lion or a brown bear, even though the size of the brain of a large predator is three times that of them. To take an extreme example, the bear has a brain that is 10 times larger than a cat, but the number of neurons is similar.
Herculano – houzel said, “Fed meat is largely considered a solution to energy problems, but in retrospect, carnivores must have a delicate balance between the energy of a species' brain and body.â€
Hunting requires a lot of energy, especially for large carnivores, the interval between successful hunting is unpredictable. This explains why large carnivores like lions spend most of their time resting and sleeping. Because in terms of energy, the brain is the most precious organ in the body, and its requirements are proportional to the number of neurons, and it requires constant energy. Therefore, the amount of meat that large hunters can kill and consume, as well as the intermittent nature of eating, seem to limit their brain development.
Since the study also includes domesticated and wild species, the findings also challenged the prevailing view that domestic animals have smaller heads than their wild relatives. The ratio of brain and weight of cats, cats, and dogs is not significantly different from that of their wild relatives—cats, raccoons, hyenas, lions, and brown bears.
The analysis also found that the raccoon is a "heterogeneous" that has the same number of cortical neurons as a dog, but is about the size of a cat's head. Herculano-Houzel smiled and said that raccoons are not typical carnivores.
According to neuroscientists, studying brains of different species gives us an important lesson: "The brain is diverse, not every species is the same. We are trying to figure out what this difference is."
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