There is a shortage of timber resources in our country, and resources such as waste plastics and crop straws are abundant. This article describes the use of recycled waste plastics, plant straw production of wood-plastic composite sheet raw material composition, product characteristics, scope of use, production technology, technical performance and development prospects.
Keywords: waste plastic, plant straw, wood-plastic composite board.
Wood is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose has high tensile strength and lignin has high compressive strength. The three elements in wood not only make it flexible, but also have high toughness. Therefore, the wood fiber material is mixed with the plastic, and then it is placed in a special mold. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, special processing technology will be closely combined to form a new type of wood plastic composite material.
Raw material composition
Waste plastics: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Plant straw: wood waste, sawdust, wheat straw, rice hull, rice bran powder, peanut shells, crop straw, etc.
2. Product Features
Wood-plastic composite board combines the cost and performance advantages of wood and plastic materials. The product has the following characteristics:
2.1 The product does not need paint, does not pollute the environment, and can be recycled;
2.2 UV-resistant, excellent weather resistance, not easy to corrosion, suitable for outdoor, outdoor sun and rain leisure, stadiums, near water landscape and other places;
2.3 According to the user's needs with color tone, can be cleaned and maintained;
2.4 Flood prevention, anti-corrosion, waterproof;
2.5 Simple processing, any wood processing machine can be competent;
2.6 The mechanical properties are good, 98% of the raw materials are used materials, and the price is cheap. It can be made into products with various cross-section shapes, which can be sawed, planed and nailed.
2.7 Not long fungus, resistant to strong acid and alkali, not easily deformed;
3. Use range
3.1 Building materials: indoor and outdoor all kinds of decking, fences, building templates, partition walls, sound insulation panels, mobile homes, moisture-proof partitions, stairs, handrails, doors and windows frames, platforms, water structures, road boards, etc.; interior decoration on cars Boards, baseboards, seat backs, dashboards, seat bottoms, roofs, etc.
3.2 Interior decoration: various decorative strips, decorative panels, frame strips, curtain rods, curtain rings and decorative pieces, moving shutters, ceilings, siding, etc.
3.3 Garden materials: outdoor tables and chairs, armrests outside the court and decorative panels, flower boxes, open-air paving, waste containers, etc.
3.4 Packaging and transportation materials: various specifications of the transport trays and export packaging trays, warehouses and pallets, various types of packaging boxes, transport glass shelves and so on.
4. Production process
The production of wood-plastic composite panels mainly includes the following process routes:
4.1 Extrusion molding process
Extruded by a single screw or twin screw extruder, continuous extrusion of plates of any length. The process can be divided into single-extrusion and double-composite extrusion. The composite extrusion is the simultaneous extrusion of a layer of pure plastic surface on the exterior of the wood-plastic plate, and becomes a wood-plastic plate used in special occasions.
4.2 Hot Press Forming Process
Can form a certain size of discontinuous sheet, the processing process is similar to the molding process of medium density fiberboard.
4.3 Extrusion process
A simultaneous extrusion and pressurization process with extruders and presses. The length of the formed sheet is larger than that of the hot-pressed sheet, and the comprehensive performance of the product is superior to the sheet product of the extrusion process.
The key to the process control of wood-plastic composite materials is to prevent the thermal degradation and scorch of plastics and sawdust during mixing and forming. The sawdust has poor thermal stability as an organic material, in which the hemicellulose and lignin are easily decomposed and aerobic. When present, discoloration occurs at about 200°C. Therefore, in the formulation of wood-plastic composite board and technology, it is the key to this technology to solve the interface between wood flour and plastic resin.
Wood-plastic composite material continuous mixing manufacturing technology is to use coupling technology to combine wood flour, wood chips and thermoplastics, and use continuous mixing technology to make high-strength composite materials. Because of the use of wood fiber as reinforcement material, the product is on the surface. Hardness, mechanical strength, insect resistance, waterproof, dimensional stability are all good.
Compared with the traditional wood processing and plastic processing, the processing of wood-plastic composite boards has obvious technical characteristics. The wood-plastic composite board production process is to process the wood powder after the selection and then mix it according to the requirements of different uses of the formula. , Crushing, according to the requirements of the profile processed by the plastic processing extruder, and further processed into products, all kinds of wood fiber can be processed from wood scraps, straw, rice husks, especially waste wood, sawdust, crops The use of straw, etc., is undoubtedly an advantageous protection of the social environment, not only beneficial to the human living environment, but also the rational use of limited resources.
5. Technical performance
WPC composite board is made of 60% rice bran powder and 40% waste PE plastic. Its technical performance is as follows: tensile strength 5.8Mpa; bending strength 20.0Mpa; bending elastic modulus 1480Mpa; holding nail force ( Plate surface) 1940N, (side) 1550N; moisture content 3% to 5%; density 1.18g/cm3; (face) hardness 118 Mpa; 24 hours water absorption rate 0.36%; maximum thickness expansion rate 0.28%; impact toughness 10.1KJ/ M2; longitudinal compressive strength 26.5Mpa.
6. Development prospects
Wood-plastic composite panels combine the advantages of wood and plastics in cost and performance, and these materials have the advantages of corrosion resistance, no warpage, easy maintenance, and appearance that are very similar to wood. Therefore, wood flour filling and mixing are processed into buildings and structures. The use of profiles has become one of the most active areas in the current plastic extrusion industry. Recycling of waste plastics, plant straws, etc. is the reuse of resources, which can effectively reduce wood consumption and protect forests.
Wood fiber and plant fiber have sufficient sources, are light and inexpensive, have little wear on the equipment, the finished product is dimensionally stable, has good electrical insulation, can be repeatedly processed, non-toxic, biodegradable, and does not cause pollution to the natural environment. Thermoplastics are mainly polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). New materials, recycled materials, or composite materials of both can be used. New wood-based materials produced using natural wood fiber wastes and waste plastics are not only less costly and contain no harmful substances such as formaldehyde, compared with composite materials that are popular on the market today and contain natural wood fibers. .
Replacing wood with wood-plastic composites not only reduces the demand for wood, saves forest resources, but also alleviates the growing problem of white pollution. Through comprehensive utilization of waste resources, it turns waste into treasure, destroys damages for profit, has high economic and social benefits, conforms to the scientific outlook on development and sustainable development, and is in line with building a conservation-oriented society and developing a recycling economy. Requirements, with broad prospects for development.
Keywords: waste plastic, plant straw, wood-plastic composite board.
Wood is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose has high tensile strength and lignin has high compressive strength. The three elements in wood not only make it flexible, but also have high toughness. Therefore, the wood fiber material is mixed with the plastic, and then it is placed in a special mold. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, special processing technology will be closely combined to form a new type of wood plastic composite material.
Raw material composition
Waste plastics: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Plant straw: wood waste, sawdust, wheat straw, rice hull, rice bran powder, peanut shells, crop straw, etc.
2. Product Features
Wood-plastic composite board combines the cost and performance advantages of wood and plastic materials. The product has the following characteristics:
2.1 The product does not need paint, does not pollute the environment, and can be recycled;
2.2 UV-resistant, excellent weather resistance, not easy to corrosion, suitable for outdoor, outdoor sun and rain leisure, stadiums, near water landscape and other places;
2.3 According to the user's needs with color tone, can be cleaned and maintained;
2.4 Flood prevention, anti-corrosion, waterproof;
2.5 Simple processing, any wood processing machine can be competent;
2.6 The mechanical properties are good, 98% of the raw materials are used materials, and the price is cheap. It can be made into products with various cross-section shapes, which can be sawed, planed and nailed.
2.7 Not long fungus, resistant to strong acid and alkali, not easily deformed;
3. Use range
3.1 Building materials: indoor and outdoor all kinds of decking, fences, building templates, partition walls, sound insulation panels, mobile homes, moisture-proof partitions, stairs, handrails, doors and windows frames, platforms, water structures, road boards, etc.; interior decoration on cars Boards, baseboards, seat backs, dashboards, seat bottoms, roofs, etc.
3.2 Interior decoration: various decorative strips, decorative panels, frame strips, curtain rods, curtain rings and decorative pieces, moving shutters, ceilings, siding, etc.
3.3 Garden materials: outdoor tables and chairs, armrests outside the court and decorative panels, flower boxes, open-air paving, waste containers, etc.
3.4 Packaging and transportation materials: various specifications of the transport trays and export packaging trays, warehouses and pallets, various types of packaging boxes, transport glass shelves and so on.
4. Production process
The production of wood-plastic composite panels mainly includes the following process routes:
4.1 Extrusion molding process
Extruded by a single screw or twin screw extruder, continuous extrusion of plates of any length. The process can be divided into single-extrusion and double-composite extrusion. The composite extrusion is the simultaneous extrusion of a layer of pure plastic surface on the exterior of the wood-plastic plate, and becomes a wood-plastic plate used in special occasions.
4.2 Hot Press Forming Process
Can form a certain size of discontinuous sheet, the processing process is similar to the molding process of medium density fiberboard.
4.3 Extrusion process
A simultaneous extrusion and pressurization process with extruders and presses. The length of the formed sheet is larger than that of the hot-pressed sheet, and the comprehensive performance of the product is superior to the sheet product of the extrusion process.
The key to the process control of wood-plastic composite materials is to prevent the thermal degradation and scorch of plastics and sawdust during mixing and forming. The sawdust has poor thermal stability as an organic material, in which the hemicellulose and lignin are easily decomposed and aerobic. When present, discoloration occurs at about 200°C. Therefore, in the formulation of wood-plastic composite board and technology, it is the key to this technology to solve the interface between wood flour and plastic resin.
Wood-plastic composite material continuous mixing manufacturing technology is to use coupling technology to combine wood flour, wood chips and thermoplastics, and use continuous mixing technology to make high-strength composite materials. Because of the use of wood fiber as reinforcement material, the product is on the surface. Hardness, mechanical strength, insect resistance, waterproof, dimensional stability are all good.
Compared with the traditional wood processing and plastic processing, the processing of wood-plastic composite boards has obvious technical characteristics. The wood-plastic composite board production process is to process the wood powder after the selection and then mix it according to the requirements of different uses of the formula. , Crushing, according to the requirements of the profile processed by the plastic processing extruder, and further processed into products, all kinds of wood fiber can be processed from wood scraps, straw, rice husks, especially waste wood, sawdust, crops The use of straw, etc., is undoubtedly an advantageous protection of the social environment, not only beneficial to the human living environment, but also the rational use of limited resources.
5. Technical performance
WPC composite board is made of 60% rice bran powder and 40% waste PE plastic. Its technical performance is as follows: tensile strength 5.8Mpa; bending strength 20.0Mpa; bending elastic modulus 1480Mpa; holding nail force ( Plate surface) 1940N, (side) 1550N; moisture content 3% to 5%; density 1.18g/cm3; (face) hardness 118 Mpa; 24 hours water absorption rate 0.36%; maximum thickness expansion rate 0.28%; impact toughness 10.1KJ/ M2; longitudinal compressive strength 26.5Mpa.
6. Development prospects
Wood-plastic composite panels combine the advantages of wood and plastics in cost and performance, and these materials have the advantages of corrosion resistance, no warpage, easy maintenance, and appearance that are very similar to wood. Therefore, wood flour filling and mixing are processed into buildings and structures. The use of profiles has become one of the most active areas in the current plastic extrusion industry. Recycling of waste plastics, plant straws, etc. is the reuse of resources, which can effectively reduce wood consumption and protect forests.
Wood fiber and plant fiber have sufficient sources, are light and inexpensive, have little wear on the equipment, the finished product is dimensionally stable, has good electrical insulation, can be repeatedly processed, non-toxic, biodegradable, and does not cause pollution to the natural environment. Thermoplastics are mainly polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). New materials, recycled materials, or composite materials of both can be used. New wood-based materials produced using natural wood fiber wastes and waste plastics are not only less costly and contain no harmful substances such as formaldehyde, compared with composite materials that are popular on the market today and contain natural wood fibers. .
Replacing wood with wood-plastic composites not only reduces the demand for wood, saves forest resources, but also alleviates the growing problem of white pollution. Through comprehensive utilization of waste resources, it turns waste into treasure, destroys damages for profit, has high economic and social benefits, conforms to the scientific outlook on development and sustainable development, and is in line with building a conservation-oriented society and developing a recycling economy. Requirements, with broad prospects for development.
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