Chinese children's road traffic accident injury sites (according to age distribution)
(Source: China National Automotive Center)
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Before the fifteenth day of the first month, it was the peak of the return of the Spring Festival. The reporter observed in the Beijing Dugangkan toll station on the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macau Expressway that there were very few car owners who took their children to travel by car. “Children must use a safety seat to ride a car.†This is a topic that is overwhelming. However, without a safety seat, how big is the hazard? Most parents don't know.
The relevant child safety travel research experts described the terrible consequences of this “ignorance and fearlessness†to reporters.
The crash test video provided by Pan Zengyou, director of the Information Office of the China Automotive Technology and Research Center (hereinafter referred to as the China National Automobile Center) and the head of the Secretariat of the Child Safety Promotion Promotion Office, showed that when the car collided, the vehicle either suddenly stopped or decelerated. Although the child's body using the safety seat is fixed, the arms, legs, head and internal organs are still unpredictably impacted forward; children who do not use the safety seat are thrown away from the seat and continue to move in the direction of travel. In general, children in the car will hit hard objects inside the car, such as seats, dashboards or other passengers, and even more, pop out of the window and fall to the ground.
Pan Zengyou once investigated the road traffic accidents of Chinese children. The aggregated statistics show that the collision of vehicles not only causes children's physical injuries, but more serious injuries come from internal injuries.
According to Chen Xin, a child safety certification technician, after the collision of the vehicle, the child in the car will receive two injuries: one injury is that the body flies away from the seat, impacts the interior of the vehicle, and the child’s body surface is injured, including contusions and fractures. Neck loss... The second injury is that when the body is thrown away and stopped, due to the inertial force, the child's internal organs are still moving forward, and the child's delicate internal organs will continue to hit other organs or the skeletal system.
Specifically, the soft tissue organs will be damaged by impact on the surrounding bones, such as brain tissue hitting the brain bone, causing brain tissue damage; the lungs hit the chest cavity, the liver and stomach hit the spine, and the heart hit the sternum.
The probability of the second injury is much higher than the first damage. However, because the characteristics of the secondary injury surface are not obvious, the child will not be clearly expressed, and it is easily ignored by the parents, and the harm value is quite high.
How serious is the secondary injury? The expert introduced the most common abdominal injury in the collision accident to the reporter.
Abdominal injuries in car accidents are generally classified into closed and open injuries.
Closed injury without wound, because of a certain concealment, it is more fatal than limb damage. According to statistics, the mortality rate of abdominal injuries is as high as 10%-20%.
Common abdominal injuries include rupture of the spleen, rupture of the intestine (large intestine, small intestine), and rupture of the liver. Among them, the spleen is the most vulnerable organ in the abdominal viscera. The incidence of rupture of spleen trauma accounts for 40-50% of various abdominal injuries. This is because the spleen tissue is relatively brittle, and the inside is full of blood sinus; in addition, the spleen is fixed in position and difficult to move. When external force acts on the surface, the force is not easily buffered, and the capillaries are most likely to be broken.
According to the statistics of the Japan Insurance Association, the cost of abdomen injury treatment in a car accident is several times higher than that of other car accidents.
However, the highest value of secondary injury is brain injury, which can easily lead to child death.
According to statistics provided by Cui Minyan, chief representative of the AFEKIDS Global Child Safety Organization in China, in 2013, 78% of the causes of deaths among children killed by road traffic accidents were craniocerebral injuries.
According to Pan Zengyou, the severity and injury of children are very different for different ages and genders.
According to the survey data of the China Automobile Center, children aged 15-17 are the most vulnerable groups in all ages of children, accounting for 35.84% of the children affected by the entire age group.
For children of this age, driving a motor vehicle and riding a motor vehicle are the two main causes of injury, accounting for 32.7% and 37.22% of the injured children in that age group, respectively. The reason is that children of this age group have strong self-reliance in road traffic, and they are no longer paying special attention to adults when riding a motor vehicle, thus using less or no safety equipment on the vehicle, resulting in road traffic accidents. The chance of being hurt is higher.
Children under the age of 1 are the least affected by children of all ages, which is directly related to the number of children traveling in this age group.
However, children in this age group have the highest mortality rate among children of all ages, reaching 34.32%. This is because the child's body structure is very special in this age group, the head weight accounts for the largest proportion of the whole body, the neck support is very fragile, and the skull is not fully developed. Therefore, the head is easily injured in the accident. In addition to head injuries, children of this age, because of the immature development of the body structure, the impact of the accident, it is easy to cause serious damage.
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